Plant functional type aboveground biomass change within Alaska and northwest Canada mapped using a 35-year satellite time series from 1985 to 2020

Plant functional type aboveground biomass change within Alaska and northwest Canada mapped using a 35-year satellite time series from 1985 to 2020
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使用 1985 年至 2020 年 35 年卫星时间序列绘制的阿拉斯加和加拿大西北部植物功能类型地上生物量变化

DOI:
10.1088/1748-9326/ac9d50
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Goetz, Scott J.
Goetz, Scott J.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Orndahl, Kathleen M.;Macander, Matthew J.;Berner, Logan T.;Goetz, Scott J.

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由于气候变暖和相关的火灾干扰,北极和北方地区的植被分布正在发生变化。这些变化具有广泛的下游影响——影响野生动物栖息地、养分循环、气候反馈和火灾制度。因此,了解这些变化在哪里发生,哪些类型的植被受到影响,以及量化变化的幅度是至关重要的。在这项研究中,我们从1985年到2020年,每五年绘制一次阿拉斯加和加拿大西北部五种常见植物功能类型(pft;落叶灌木、常绿灌木、草本、禾草类和地衣)的地上活生物量。我们采用了一种多尺度方法,从田间收获数据和基于无人机的生物量预测进行缩放,以气候、地形、物候和Landsat光谱预测为基础,制作出壁挂式地图。我们发现落叶灌木和禾本科生物量在pft中预测最好。我们的时间序列分析显示,在大约50万km的研究范围内,落叶灌木(37%)和常绿灌木(7%)的生物量增加,禾草类(14%)和地衣(13%)的生物量减少。火灾是研究区域近期变化的重要驱动因素,与历史火灾周长相关的生物量变化最大。地衣和禾本科生物量的减少往往与灌木生物量的增加相对应。这些发现说明了北极/北方地区植被变化的驱动趋势。了解这些变化及其对北极和北方生态系统的影响,对于了解该地区气候变化的轨迹至关重要。
Changes in vegetation distribution are underway in Arctic and boreal regions due to climate warming and associated fire disturbance. These changes have wide ranging downstream impacts—affecting wildlife habitat, nutrient cycling, climate feedbacks and fire regimes. It is thus critical to understand where these changes are occurring and what types of vegetation are affected, and to quantify the magnitude of the changes. In this study, we mapped live aboveground biomass for five common plant functional types (PFTs; deciduous shrubs, evergreen shrubs, forbs, graminoids and lichens) within Alaska and northwest Canada, every five years from 1985 to 2020. We employed a multi-scale approach, scaling from field harvest data and unmanned aerial vehicle-based biomass predictions to produce wall-to-wall maps based on climatological, topographic, phenological and Landsat spectral predictors. We found deciduous shrub and graminoid biomass were predicted best among PFTs. Our time-series analyses show increases in deciduous (37%) and evergreen shrub (7%) biomass, and decreases in graminoid (14%) and lichen (13%) biomass over a study area of approximately 500 000 km 2. Fire was an important driver of recent changes in the study area, with the largest changes in biomass associated with historic fire perimeters. Decreases in lichen and graminoid biomass often corresponded with increasing shrub biomass. These findings illustrate the driving trends in vegetation change within the Arctic/boreal region. Understanding these changes and the impacts they in turn will have on Arctic and boreal ecosystems will be critical to understanding the trajectory of climate change in the region.
DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac6965
发表时间: 2022-05-01
影响因子: 6.7
作者:
Macander, Matthew J.;Nelson, Peter R.;Goetz, Scott J.
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