Virology. Early AIDS virus may have ridden Africa's rails.
Virology. Early AIDS virus may have ridden Africa's rails.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.346.6205.21
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Jon Cohen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jon Cohen
对来自不同时间点和地点的数百个艾滋病毒基因序列进行的一项新的复杂分析为艾滋病流行病的起源提供了迷人的见解。这项研究发表在本期《科学》杂志上（见第56页），证实了早期的分析，即一名艾滋病毒感染者在1920年左右来到今天的金沙萨，但它随后首次表明病毒是如何从那里传播到该国东南部的两个城市的，这可能是由于当时存在的广泛的铁路系统。研究人员还指出，有13个记录在案的案例表明，不同的猿类病毒从黑猩猩、大猩猩和猴子身上跳到人类身上，但只有一个已知的HIV-1 M组引发了全球流行病。他们表明，M群和另一个菌株O群在1960年之前以同样的速度扩张，但随后M群的传播速度几乎增加了两倍。可能的原因包括公共卫生运动污染了针头，以及性工作者的客户数量增加。
A new, sophisticated analysis of hundreds of genetic sequences of HIV from different time points and locations adds fascinating insights to the origin of the AIDS epidemic. The study, which appears in this issue of Science (see p. 56), confirms earlier analyses that an HIV-infected person came to what today is Kinshasa around 1920, but it then shows for the first time how the virus went from there to two cities in the southeastern portion of the country, likely aided by the extensive rail system that then existed. The researchers also note that 13 documented cases exist of different simian viruses jumping from chimpanzees, gorillas, and monkeys into humans, but only one—known has HIV-1 group M—sparked a global epidemic. They show that group M and another strain, group O, expanded at the same rate until about 1960, but then group M nearly tripled its rate of spread. Possible reasons include public health campaigns that had contaminated needles and an increase in the number of clients of sex workers.