Neurodevelopmental correlates of the emerging adult self
Neurodevelopmental correlates of the emerging adult self
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100626
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Harrison, Ben J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davey, Christopher G.;Fornito, Alex D.;Harrison, Ben J.
自我概念——一个人对自己的一套信念——在青春期到成年早期表现出显著的发展，与此同时大脑也在发育。我们试图调查健康青少年和年轻人自我评价过程中与年龄相关的变化如何与大脑网络分离和整合相对应。我们扫描了88名参与者（46名女性），年龄从15岁到25岁，当他们执行自我评估任务时。我们首先检查了他们对自我评价的激活模式，并重复了先前的报道，即随着年龄的增长，背内侧前额叶皮层的激活减少，在胼胝体前叶、右前叶岛/脑盖和从丘脑延伸到纹状体的区域也有类似的减少。我们使用独立成分分析来识别不同的默认模式网络（DMN）的前部和后部成分，它们分别与任务的自我评价和休息固定部分相关。随着年龄的增长，这两个组成部分之间的功能连通性降低。最后，对DMN内成对节点之间的任务诱发相互作用的分析确定了一个子网络，该子网络的连通性随着年龄的增长而降低。DMN内网络整合的减少似乎是支持新兴成人自我的重要高阶成熟过程。
The self-concept - the set of beliefs that a person has about themselves - shows significant development from adolescence to early adulthood, in parallel with brain development over the same period. We sought to investigate how age-related changes in self-appraisal processes corresponded with brain network segregation and integration in healthy adolescents and young adults. We scanned 88 participants (46 female), aged from 15 to 25 years, as they performed a self-appraisal task. We first examined their patterns of activation to self-appraisal, and replicated prior reports of reduced dorsomedial prefrontal cortex activation with older age, with similar reductions in precuneus, right anterior insula/operculum, and a region extending from thalamus to striatum. We used independent component analysis to identify distinct anterior and posterior components of the default mode network (DMN), which were associated with the self-appraisal and rest-fixation parts of the task, respectively. Increasing age was associated with reduced functional connectivity between the two components. Finally, analyses of task-evoked interactions between pairs of nodes within the DMN identified a subnetwork that demonstrated reduced connectivity with increasing age. Decreased network integration within the DMN appears to be an important higher-order maturational process supporting the emerging adult self.