Somatic symptoms in women 11 years after the Chornobyl accident: Prevalence and risk factors
Somatic symptoms in women 11 years after the Chornobyl accident: Prevalence and risk factors
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.02110s4625
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Goldgaber, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bromet, EJ;Gluzman, S;Goldgaber, D
切尔诺贝利核电站爆炸导致了广泛的、持续的躯体疾病，但人们对这些疾病的性质和风险因素知之甚少。这项研究比较了从工厂周围的污染区疏散到基辅的300名妇女的健康报告，以及1997年与疏散人员在同一教室的300名对照组和一名儿童。访谈解决了躯体问题，健康状况不佳的风险因素，和Chornobyl相关的压力。与对照组相比，撤离人员报告了更多的健康问题，并对他们的健康状况进行了总体评估。在控制了人口统计学和临床风险因素（包括放大身体症状的趋势）后，这些差异仍然显着。更多的撤离者被当地医生诊断患有与切尔诺贝利有关的疾病，认为自己和子女的健康受到了不利影响，并且患有切尔诺贝利引起的创伤后应激障碍。在控制了这些Chornopulmonary压力变量后，通常归因于Chornopulmonary的健康问题数量的差异仍然显着，但一般健康评级的差异没有。控制的看法是类似的妇女在全国样本。撤离人员中切尔诺贝利压力与疾病之间的关系（优势比= 6.95）是基辅对照组（优势比= 3.34）的两倍，而全国样本中的关系最弱（优势比= 1.64）。研究结果证实了Chornopathy的主观医疗后果的持久性和非特异性，并与创伤性事件对弱势群体或弱势群体的健康产生最大负面影响的假设相一致。
Exposure to the Chornobyl nuclear power plant explosion resulted in widespread, persistent somatic complaints, but little is known about the nature and risk factors for these conditions. This study compares the health reports of 300 women evacuated to Kyiv from the contamination zone around the plant and 300 controls with a child in the same homeroom as the evacuees in 1997. The interview addressed somatic concerns, risk factors for poor health, and Chornobyl-related stress. Compared with controls, evacuees reported significantly more health problems and rated their health more poorly overall. These differences remained significant after controlling for demographic and clinical risk factors, including the tendency to amplify physical symptoms. Significantly more evacuees received a diagnosis of a Chornobyl-related illness by a local physician, believed that their health and their children's health had been adversely affected, and were positive for Chornobyl-induced post-traumatic stress disorder. After controlling for these Chornobyl stress variables, the differences in number of health problems commonly attributed to Chornobyl remained significant but differences in general health ratings did not. The perceptions of controls were similar to those of women in a national sample. The relationship between Chornobyl stress and illness was twice as strong in evacuees (odds ratio = 6.95) as in Kyiv controls (odds ratio = 3.34) and weakest in the national sample (odds ratio = 1.64). The results confirm the persistence and nonspecificity of the subjective medical consequences of Chornobyl and are consistent with the hypothesis that traumatic events exert their greatest negative impacts on health in vulnerable or disadvantaged groups.