Analysis of the intestinal microflora using molecular methods
Analysis of the intestinal microflora using molecular methods
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601661
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Tannock, GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tannock, GW
人类远端肠道栖息着一个庞大而复杂的细菌群落。这个集合被称为肠道微生物群，在数量上以专性厌氧细菌种类为主。其中许多物种从未在实验室条件下培育过。然而，基于核酸的技术现在甚至可以分析细菌群落中不可培养的成员。聚合酶链式反应 (PCR) 与变性梯度电泳 (DGGE) 相结合，为比较粪便或肠道微生物群的组成提供了一种有用的技术。 PCR/DGGE 已被证明有助于证明服用抗菌药物的婴儿粪便微生物群组成发生的变化。这项研究很重要，因为在生命的前 2 年内口服抗生素治疗已被确定为随后特应性疾病的预测因子。用广谱口服抗生素治疗幼儿可能会对肠道微生物群的组成产生干扰，从而导致促进 Th1 机制重要的细菌在关键年龄被耗尽。这可能导致 Th2 对环境抗原的免疫反应优于 Th1，并增加特应性疾病的发病率。 PCR/DGGE 提供了一种有用的筛查方法，可以确定抗生素治疗对儿童肠道菌群组成的影响，并确定受影响最严重的细菌群。
A large and complex bacterial community inhabits the distal intestinal tract of humans. This collection, known as the intestinal microflora, is dominated numerically by obligately anaerobic bacterial species. Many of these species have never been cultivated under laboratory conditions. Nucleic acid-based techniques now permit, however, the analysis of even the non-cultivable members of the bacterial community. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with denaturing gradient get electrophoresis (DGGE) provides a useful technique for comparisons of the composition of faecal or intestinal microfloras. PCR/DGGE has been shown to be useful in demonstrating changes that occur in the composition of the faecal microflora of infants administered antibacterial drugs. This research is important because treatment with oral antibiotics during the first 2y of life has been identified as a predictor of subsequent atopic disease. The treatment of young children with broad spectrum oral antibiotics might produce perturbations in the composition of the intestinal microflora such that bacteria important in promoting Th1 mechanisms are depleted at a crucial age. This could result in Th2 dominance over Th1 immune responses to environmental antigens and an increased incidence of atopic disorders. PCR/DGGE provides a useful screening method to determine the impact of antibiotic treatment on the composition of the intestinal microflora of children and to identify the bacterial groups that are most affected.