ACUTE TOXICITY OF PESTICIDES IN ADULT AND WEANLING RATS
ACUTE TOXICITY OF PESTICIDES IN ADULT AND WEANLING RATS
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DOI：
10.1016/0272-0590(86)90160-0
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发表时间：
1986-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
LINDER, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GAINES, TB;LINDER, RE
测定了通过口服或经皮途径对成年雄性和雌性谢尔曼大鼠施用的 57 种农药的 LD50 值。还通过口服途径对一种性别的断奶仔猪测试了 36 种化学物质。通过口服途径测试的 9 种农药（丁苯威、二甲胂酸、二甲灭滴灵、溴氰菊酯、麦草畏、敌草快、五氯硝基苯、辛硫磷、吡松）和通过皮肤途径测试的四种农药（丁苯威、杀虫脒、敌百硫磷、细叶磷）对女性的毒性比对男性的毒性更大，而 famphur 和 2,4,5-T（口服途径）对女性的毒性较小。十八种测试化学品对成虫的毒性比对断奶动物的毒性更大，四种化合物（细磷、甲硫磷、吡松和亚砜）对断奶动物的毒性更大。在其他研究中，对两种典型杀虫剂 LD50 值在一年内的变化进行了检查。连续六次每两个月对男女成人进行的对硫磷和滴滴涕口服 LD50 测定表明，LD50 值受一年中进行测试的时间影响很小。
LD50 values were determined for 57 pesticides administered by the oral or dermal route to adult male and female Sherman rats. Thirty-six of the chemicals were also tested by the oral route in one sex of weanlings. Nine pesticides tested by the oral route (bufencarb, cacodylic acid, dialifor, deltamethrin, dicamba, diquat, quintozene, phoxim, pyrazon) and four tested by the dermal route (bufencarb, chlordimeform, dichlofenthion, leptophos) were more toxic to females than to males whereas famphur and 2,4,5-T (oral route) were less toxic to females. Eighteen of the test chemicals were more toxic to the adult than to the weanling and four compounds (leptophos, methidathion, pyrazon, and sulfoxide) were more toxic to the weanling. In additional studies the variability to the LD50 value over a 1-year period was examined for two typical insecticides. Six consecutive bimonthly oral LD50 determinations for parathion and DDT in adults of both sexes indicated that the LD50 values were little affected by the time of year that the tests were done.