Impact of Sublethal Concentrations of Nitrite on Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Microbiomes
Impact of Sublethal Concentrations of Nitrite on Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Microbiomes
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-022-02123-4
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
W. Ortiz;Camila Carlos-Shanley;M. Huertas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Ortiz;Camila Carlos-Shanley;M. Huertas
亚硝酸盐浓度升高对鱼类是有毒的，可能会导致无数有文献记载的问题。然而，亚致死浓度的亚硝酸盐对鱼类健康的影响，特别是对鱼类组织微生物群的影响还没有研究。为了测试亚硝酸盐暴露的影响，金鱼被暴露在亚致死浓度的亚硝酸盐中，分别为0.01mM、0.1mM和1.0mM，持续2个月。然后对鼻子、皮肤、鳃和水中的细菌进行提取和测序，以确定微生物组成的变化。添加亚硝酸盐对水体微生物群没有显著影响，但至少有一种处理改变了每种组织微生物群。皮肤和鳃的微生物群落在对照和1.0 mm处理之间有显著差异，鼻部微生物群落在对照和0.1 mm和1.0 mm处理之间都有显著变化。因此，环境中亚硝酸盐的亚致死浓度导致了鱼组织微生物群的变化，而不依赖于水中的微生物群。这些变化可能会增加感染的机会，扰乱器官系统，并提高鱼类的死亡率。在亚硝酸盐浓度较高的系统中，如集约化水产养殖场或污染地区，亚硝酸盐对微生物群落的影响可能会对鱼类种群产生负面影响。
Elevated concentrations of nitrite are toxic to fish and can cause a myriad of well documented issues. However, the effects of sublethal concentrations of nitrite on fish health, and specifically, fish tissue microbiomes have not been studied. To test the effects of nitrite exposure, goldfish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of nitrite, 0.0 mM, 0.1 mM, and 1.0 mM, for 2 months. The bacteria in the nose, skin, gills, and water were then extracted and sequenced to identify changes to the microbial composition. The water microbiome was not significantly changed by the added nitrite; however, each of the tissue microbiomes was changed by at least one of the treatments. The skin and gill microbiomes were significantly different between the control and 1.0 mM treatment and the nose microbiome showed significant changes between the control and both the 0.1 mM and 1.0 mM treatments. Thus, sublethal concentrations of nitrite in the environment caused a shift in the fish tissue microbiomes independently of the water microbiome. These changes could lead to an increased chance of infection, disrupt organ systems, and raise the mortality rate of fish. In systems with high nitrite concentrations, like intensive aquaculture setups or polluted areas, the effects of nitrite on the microbiomes could negatively affect fish populations.