Copy number variation of a protease gene of Daphnia: Its role in population tolerance
Copy number variation of a protease gene of Daphnia: Its role in population tolerance
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水蚤蛋白酶基因的拷贝数变异：其在群体耐受性中的作用
DOI：
10.1002/jez.2077
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. von
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwarzenberger;Jackson;E. von
编码某些酶的基因的拷贝数变异（CNV）已被证明是节肢动物适应人为毒素的原因。由于富营养化和全球变暖，淡水生态系统中蓝细菌产生的天然毒素，即蛋白酶抑制剂（PI），在过去几十年中被证明频率增加。这些PI抑制消化蛋白酶ofDaphnia，浮游植物和蓝藻的主要食草动物。同种型的调整、基因表达的差异和肠道蛋白酶的活性决定了单一水蚤型对膳食PI的耐受性。在这里，我们测试了类似的机制是否也是造成耐受性差异的原因。我们建立了一种用于分析水蚤属蛋白酶CNV的液滴数字PCR（ddPCR）方法。我们报道了一个水蚤蛋白酶基因在种群间表现出CNV，并且CNV与糜蛋白酶基因在种群间的表达相关。我们发现，种群ofDaphnia magna不同的耐受性蓝藻PI根据蓝藻背景的湖泊的起源，这暗示在当地的适应。群体的耐受性与其胰凝乳蛋白酶的IC 50值相关，这可能是由于CNV（转化为基因表达差异）和耐受蛋白酶同种型的正选择的组合效应。这是第一个使用ddPCR的研究，以证明CNV的基因与生态相关的功能，并结合评估潜在的分子机制，第一次报告的差异，以蓝藻PI的Daphniapopulations的耐受性。
Copy number variation (CNV) of genes coding for certain enzymes has been shown to be responsible for adaptation of arthropods to anthropogenic toxins. Natural toxins produced by cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems, that is, protease inhibitors (PIs), have been demonstrated to increase in frequency over the last decades due to eutrophication and global warming. These PIs inhibit digestive proteases ofDaphnia, the major herbivore of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria. The adjustment of isoforms, differences in gene expression, and activity of gut proteases determine tolerance to dietary PIs in singleDaphniagenotypes. Here, we tested whether similar mechanisms are also responsible for differences in tolerance amongDaphniapopulation. We developed a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method for the analysis of CNV ofDaphniaproteases. We report that oneDaphniaprotease gene showed CNV between populations and that CNV correlates with chymotrypsin gene expression among populations. We showed that populations ofDaphnia magnadiffer in tolerance to cyanobacterial PIs according to the cyanobacterial background of their lake of origin, which hints at local adaptation. The tolerance of the populations correlates with IC50values of their chymotrypsins, which is probably due to a combined effect of CNV (translating into gene expression differences) and positive selection of tolerant protease isoforms. This is the first study using ddPCR to demonstrate CNV of a gene with ecologically relevant function, and the first report of differences in tolerance to cyanobacterial PIs amongDaphniapopulations in combination with the assessment of underlying molecular mechanisms.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
White TB;McCoy AM;Streva VA;Fenrich J;Deininger PL
通讯作者：
Deininger PL
影响因子：
48
作者：
Hindson, Christopher M.;Chevillet, John R.;Briggs, Hilary A.;Gallichotte, Emily N.;Ruf, Ingrid K.;Hindson, Benjamin J.;Vessella, Robert L.;Tewari, Muneesh
通讯作者：
Tewari, Muneesh
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
A. Schwarzenberger;Thomas Sadler;E. von Elert
通讯作者：
E. von Elert
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Te, Shu Harn;Chen, Enid Yingru;Gin, Karina Yew-Hoong
通讯作者：
Gin, Karina Yew-Hoong
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
E. Elert
通讯作者：
E. Elert