Does different timing of hip and knee joint extension during take-off affect backstroke start performance?
Does different timing of hip and knee joint extension during take-off affect backstroke start performance?
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DOI：
10.1080/14763141.2020.1867230
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发表时间：
2021-02-13
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Shimoyama, Yoshimitsu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nara, Rio;Ikeda, Yusuke;Shimoyama, Yoshimitsu
本研究探讨了起跳过程中下肢关节伸展时机的不同对仰泳出发成绩的影响。11名仰泳运动员进行了3种仰泳出发下肢关节伸展顺序：伸髋后伸膝（KAH）、髋膝同时伸展（SHK）和伸髋前伸膝（KBH）。最短的5米时间是在KAH（1.90 +/- 0.26 s），其次是在SHK（2.12 +/- 0.52 s）和KBH（2.47 +/- 0.61 s）的性能。大转子（GT）的垂直位置在脚趾离地在KAH和SHK高于KBH。KAH的入水距离（定义为从指尖（FT）到GT入水的水平距离）比KBH和SHK短。在KAH，进入范围和5 m时间之间呈正相关（r = 0.79）。此外，在离趾时GT垂直位置与KAH的进入范围之间观察到负相关（r = -0.65）。结果表明，KAH使脚趾离地后更容易采取弓背姿势，从而可以执行减少入洞范围和5米时间的入洞技术。
This study investigated how the difference in the timing of the extension of the joints of the lower limbs during take-off affects the backstroke start performance. Eleven backstroke swimmers performed three lower-limb joint extension sequences of backstroke start: knee extension after hip extension (KAH), simultaneous hip and knee extension (SHK), and knee extension before hip extension (KBH). The shortest 5-m time was performed at KAH (1.90 +/- 0.26 s), followed by a performance at SHK (2.12 +/- 0.52 s) and KBH (2.47 +/- 0.61 s). The greater trochanter (GT) vertical positions at toe-off were higher at KAH and SHK than at KBH. KAH had a shorter entry range, defined as the horizontal distance from the fingertip (FT) to the GT entry in the water, than KBH and SHK. A positive correlation was noted between the entry range and the 5-m time at KAH (r = 0.79). In addition, a negative correlation was observed between the GT vertical position at toe-off and the entry range at KAH (r = -0.65). The results suggested that KAH makes it easier to take the arched-back posture after toe-off, allowing the performance of a hole-entry technique that reduces the entry range and the 5-m time.