Linking pollutant exposure of humpback whales breeding in the Indian Ocean to their feeding habits and feeding areas off Antarctica
Linking pollutant exposure of humpback whales breeding in the Indian Ocean to their feeding habits and feeding areas off Antarctica
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.032
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Covaci, Adrian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Das, Krishna;Malarvannan, Govindan;Covaci, Adrian
座头鲸，Megaptera novaeangliae，繁殖拉留尼汪岛（印度洋）经历大规模的季节性迁移之间的夏季觅食地附近的南极洲和繁殖的冬季场地在印度洋。目前研究的主要范围是调查在印度洋繁殖的座头鲸的化学品接触情况，方法是提供关于这一繁殖种群的首次公布的持久性有机污染物数据，即多氯联苯、六氯苯、六氯环己烷、滴滴涕及其代谢物、三氯甲烷化合物、多溴联苯醚、和甲氧基化多溴二苯醚（MeO-PBDEs）。对皮肤中稳定同位素δ C-13和δ N-15的分析进一步深入了解了它们的摄食生态，这与主要集中在低营养级猎物物种（如南极磷虾）的饮食一致。在所有座头鲸体内测得的持久性有机污染物含量顺序为：六氯苯>滴滴涕>氯化锂>六氯环己烷>多氯联苯>多溴二苯醚>甲氧基溴二苯醚。六氯苯（中位数：24纳克/克（-1）脂重）和滴滴涕（中位数：7.7纳克/克（-1）脂重）是所有鲸鱼活组织检查中的主要化合物。在DDT化合物中，p，p '-DDE是主要的有机卤代污染物，反映了其在座头鲸体内的长期积累。女性体内六氯苯和滴滴涕的浓度明显低于男性（p < 0.001）。其他化合物在两性之间相似（p > 0.05）。六氯代苯和滴滴涕的差异表明，某些化合物会以性别为依据转移到后代身上。持久性有机污染物的浓度低于以前报告的结果，座头鲸采样附近的南极半岛，这表明其营养状况的潜在影响，并可能表明不同的接触鲸鱼根据其喂养区。需要进一步调查，以评估南方座头鲸在其整个觅食区的暴露情况。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, breeding off la Reunion Island (Indian Ocean) undergo large-scale seasonal migrations between summer feeding grounds near Antarctica and their reproductive winter grounds in the Indian Ocean. The main scope of the current study was to investigate chemical exposure of humpback whales breeding in the Indian Ocean by providing the first published data on this breeding stock concerning persistent organic pollutants (POPs), namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), DDT and its metabolites (DDTs), chlordane compounds (CHL5), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs). Analyses of stable isotopes delta C-13 and delta N-15 in skin resulted in further insight in their feeding ecology, which was in agreement with a diet focused mainly on low trophic level prey species, such as krill from Antarctica. POPs were measured in all humpback whales in the order of HCB > DDTs > CHLs > HCHs > PCBs > PBDEs > MeO-BDEs. HCB (median: 24 ng g(-1) lw) and DDTs (median: 7.7 ng g(-1) lw) were the predominant compounds in all whale biopsies. Among DDT compounds, p,p'-DDE was the major organohalogenated pollutant, reflecting its long-term accumulation in humpback whales. Significantly lower concentrations of HCB and DDTs were found in females than in males (p < 0.001). Other compounds were similar between the two genders (p > 0.05). Differences in the HCB and DDTs suggested gender-specific transfer of some compounds to the offspring. POP concentrations were lower than previously reported results for humpback whales sampled near the Antarctic Peninsula, suggesting potential influence of their nutritional status and may indicate different exposures of the whales according to their feeding zones. Further investigations are required to assess exposure of southern humpback whales throughout their feeding zones. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.