Co-solvent ethanolysis of chicken waste: Optimization of parameters and characterization of biodiesel
Co-solvent ethanolysis of chicken waste: Optimization of parameters and characterization of biodiesel
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DOI：
10.1080/15567036.2015.1065299
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Altamer, Marwa H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fadhil, Abdelrahman B.;Saeed, Islam K.;Altamer, Marwa H.
以鸡粪为原料，研制了脂肪酸乙酯（FAEE）.以鸡油和废鸡油为原料，在共溶剂的辅助下，通过碱催化乙醇酯交换反应制备FAEE。使用己烷作为共溶剂。考察了碱催化剂种类和浓度、乙醇/共混物摩尔比、正己烷/乙醇体积比、反应温度、反应时间、助溶剂种类等因素对FAEE收率的影响。在KOH质量分数为0.75%、乙醇/共混物摩尔比为8：1、正己烷/乙醇体积比为1.5：1、反应温度为60 ℃、反应时间为60 min的条件下，FAEE的产率最高（96.94%与96.78%w/w酯含量相近）。所生产的FAEE及其与石油柴油的共混物的燃料性质在ASTM D 6751标准规定的范围内，表明其适合作为内燃机燃料。得出的结论是，与通过非溶剂方法生产的FAEE相比，共溶剂的存在增加了FAEE的产率并增强了其性能。该过程符合一级反应动力学，活化能为13.31 kJ/mol。
Fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) was developed from chicken waste. A blend of chicken fat and waste chicken oil was used as a feedstock for FAEE preparation via alkali-catalyzed transesterification with ethanol assisted by a co-solvent. Hexane was used as the co-solvent. The influences of alkali catalyst type and concentration, ethanol/blend molar ratio, hexane/ethanol volume ratio, temperature, time, and type of co-solvent on the yield of FAEE were investigated. The best yield of FAEE (96.94%similar to 96.78% w/w ester content) was obtained at 0.75% KOH w/w, 8:1 ethanol/blend molar ratio, 1.5:1 hexane/ethanol volume ratio, 60 degrees C temperature, and 60 min of reaction. The fuel properties of FAEE produced as well as its blends with petro diesel were within the range of those prescribed by ASTM D 6751 standards, indicating its suitability as fuel for combustion engines. It was concluded that the presence of co-solvent increased the yield of FAEE and enhanced its properties compared to FAEE produced via non-solvent processes. The process was found to follow first-order kinetics, and the activation energy was found to be 13.31 kJ/mol.