Investigations into the prevention of prenatal and lactogenic Toxocara canis infections in puppies by application of moxidectin to the pregnant dog
Investigations into the prevention of prenatal and lactogenic Toxocara canis infections in puppies by application of moxidectin to the pregnant dog
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.00948.x
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Epe, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kraemer, F.;Hammerstein, R.;Epe, C.
该调查的目的是检查对怀孕的狗两次给予莫昔克丁是否可以预防小狗弓蛔虫幼虫的产前和哺乳期感染。四只怀孕的小猎犬实验性感染了 20 000 个犬毛虫胚卵，在怀孕第 40 天和 55 天（分娩前 5-13 天）皮下注射每公斤体重 1 毫克莫昔克丁。另外一只水坝及其幼犬作为未经处理的对照。莫昔克丁的两次应用完全预防了幼犬的产前和哺乳期感染。在母犬或其相应的幼犬中均未发现肠道阶段或体细胞幼虫。治疗组的所有幼犬和母犬直到分娩后 42 天，粪便镜检结果均呈阴性。莫西克丁的给药没有在母鼠中表现出任何副作用。接受治疗的母犬的幼犬均未表现出任何病理异常。在未经处理的母鼠中，尸检时发现了 1 只成虫和 26 只犬毛虫体细胞幼虫。未经治疗的母犬的所有幼犬从产后第 28 天起就表现出明显的犬毛虫感染（p.n.）； 296 只成虫前和成虫期的犬毛虫被自发消除，尸检时回收到 51 只肠道期和 5 只体细胞幼虫。与接受治疗的母犬的幼犬相比，所有阴性对照幼犬在分娩后均表现出血液嗜酸性粒细胞增多和肝酶水平升高。
Aim of the investigation was to examine whether two administrations of moxidectin to pregnant dogs could prevent pre-natal and lactogenic infections of puppies with reactivated Toxocara canis larvae. Four pregnant beagles, infected experimentally with 20 000 embryonated eggs of T. canis, were treated subcutaneously with 1 mg moxidectin per kg body weight on days 40 and 55 of pregnancy (5-13 days before parturition). One further dam and its puppies served as untreated control. Two applications of moxidectin completely prevented pre-natal and lactogenic infections in the puppies. Neither intestinal stages nor somatic larvae were found in the dams or their corresponding puppies. All puppies and dams of the treatment group remained coproscopically negative until 42 days after parturition. The administration of moxidectin did not show any side effects in the dams. None of the puppies of the treated dams showed any pathological abnormalities. In the untreated dam one adult and 26 somatic larvae of T. canis were detected at necropsy. All puppies of the untreated dam showed a patent T. canis infection from day 28 post-natum (p.n.); 296 pre-adult and adult stages of T. canis were spontaneously eliminated and 51 intestinal stages and five somatic larvae of T. canis were recovered at necropsy. In contrast to the puppies of the treated dams all negative control puppies showed blood eosinophilia after parturition and elevated liver enzyme levels.