Gap dynamics of forest trees: A review with particular attention to boreal forests
Gap dynamics of forest trees: A review with particular attention to boreal forests
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DOI：
10.1139/a00-012
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
McCarthy, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCarthy, John
对森林小尺度林隙干扰进行了综述。林隙是由个别或多株树木死亡并随后从树冠上脱落而引起的，在过去的20年里，人们对温带落叶林和热带森林中的林隙进行了广泛的研究。这篇评论认为，这一研究，以评估在北方森林的间隙干扰的重要性。由于普遍存在的大规模，林分启动干扰，如森林火灾，流行性昆虫爆发，和周期性的广泛的风吹事件，在北方森林的间隙过程很少受到关注。对斯堪的纳维亚和俄罗斯北方森林以及在日本和美国发现的高海拔北方森林“异常值”的研究表明，林隙干扰对森林结构和进程的决定作用比以前所设想的更大。以耐荫冷杉（冷杉）-云杉（云杉）复合体为主的北方森林特别适合在没有大规模干扰的情况下发展长期、古老的连续性。
Small-scale gap disturbance in forests is reviewed. Caused by the death of individual or multiple trees with subsequent fall from the canopy, gaps have been extensively studied in temperate deciduous and tropical forests for the past 20 years. This review considers much of this research with a view to assessing the importance of gap disturbance in boreal forests. Because of the ubiquity of large-scale, stand-initiating disturbances such as landscape-level fires, epidemic insect outbreaks, and periodic extensive windthrow events, gap processes in boreal forests have received little attention. Research in the Scandinavian and Russian boreal forest, as well as in high-altitude boreal "outliers" found in Japan and the United States, is showing that gap disturbance determines forest structure and processes to a greater extent than previously assumed. Boreal forests dominated by the shade-tolerant fir (Abies) - spruce (Picea) complex are particularly well-adapted to the development of long-term, old-growth continuity in the absence of large-scale disturbance.