Upgrading the ATLAS silicon tracking for the HL-LHC
Upgrading the ATLAS silicon tracking for the HL-LHC
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2013.06.085
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发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
T. Barber;U. Parzefall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Barber;U. Parzefall
2012年，大型强子对撞机在质量中心能量为8 TeV的情况下成功运行，预计在未来几年内能量将达到14 TeV。预计到2022年，总集成光度将达到300 fb−1。届时，大型强子对撞机将进行重大升级，成为高亮度大型强子对撞机（HL-LHC），其设计目的是提供五倍于大型强子对撞机标称瞬时亮度以及亮度水平。最终目标是在2030年左右将数据集扩展到3000 fb−1。ATLAS目前的计划包括在整合LHC期间对探测器进行重大升级，以达到全能量，并进一步升级，以适应本十年已经超过标称亮度的运行。应对HL-LHC的瞬时和综合亮度以及相关的辐射水平的挑战，需要对ATLAS探测器进行进一步的重大改变。全新的内部跟踪器的设计正在迅速发展，量热计和μ子系统的重大升级，以及改进的触发器和数据采集。这些程序集中在HL-LHC对ATLAS内部跟踪器（ITK）的升级，它包括用一个全新的纯硅系统取代整个现有的内部探测器（硅像素，硅条和跃迁辐射跟踪器）。这种新的ITK将由几个像素层和条形层制成，设计用于承受靠近HL-LHC相互作用点的极端辐射环境，广义上说，这意味着比现有ID高一个数量级的辐射硬度。同时，辐射长度应保持在现有系统的水平或以下。在目前的规划中，像素系统包括4个桶层，每侧6个磁盘，总像素面积为7 m2，通道4亿个。条带系统将包含5个桶层和7个端盖磁盘，覆盖200平方米的硅和4500万个通道。
After successful operation of the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV in 2012, the energy is expected to go up to 14 TeV in the next few years. A total integrated luminosity of up to 300 fb−1is foreseen to be reached by 2022. At that time, the LHC will undergo a major upgrade to the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), which is designed to deliver of order five times the LHC nominal instantaneous luminosity along with luminosity leveling. The final goal is to extend the data set to 3000 fb−1by around 2030. Current planning in ATLAS involves significant upgrades to the detector during the consolidation of the LHC to reach full energy and further upgrades to accommodate running already beyond nominal luminosity this decade. The challenge of coping with HL-LHC instantaneous and integrated luminosity, along with the associated radiation levels, requires further major changes to the ATLAS detector. The designs are developing rapidly for an all-new inner-tracker, significant upgrades in the calorimeter and muon systems, as well as improved triggers and data acquisition. These proceedings concentrate on the HL-LHC upgrade of the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITK), which consist of replacing the entire current Inner Detector (silicon pixels, silicon strips and transition radiation tracker) with a completely new silicon-only system. This new ITK will be made from several pixel and strip layers, and is designed to withstand the extreme radiation environment in close proximity to the HL-LHC interaction point which broadly speaking means an order of magnitude higher radiation hardness than the existing ID. At the same time, the radiation length should be kept to the level of the present system or below. In the current planning, the pixel system involves 4 barrel layers and 6 disks on each side for a total pixel area of 7 m2and 400 million channels. The strip system will contain 5 barrel layers and 7 end-cap disks, covering 200 m2of silicon and 45 million channels.