Mechanisms for climate-induced mortality of fish populations in whole-lake experiments
Mechanisms for climate-induced mortality of fish populations in whole-lake experiments
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0701638104
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发表时间：
2007-06-05
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Booth, David J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Biro, Peter A.;Post, John R.;Booth, David J.
气候变化对植物和动物种群的影响是广泛的，并记录了世界许多地区的许多物种。然而，气候影响的预测将需要更好地了解气候变化和气候变化的生态和行为反应的机制。对于脊椎动物来说，还没有一个完整的系统操纵实验来表达捕食者和猎物行为的自然变化。在这里，我们调查的影响，水温升高的生理，行为，生长和鱼类种群的生存在一个多个全湖实验，通过使用17个湖年的数据收集超过2年不同的平均温度。我们发现，超过最佳温度升高的增长范围，通过减少最大消费量和增加年轻的虹鳟鱼，虹鳟鱼的新陈代谢减少。在高温下代谢增加导致个体摄食活动（消耗）增加，以补偿和维持与在较冷（最佳）温度下观察到的相似的生长速率。然而，更大的摄食活动率导致更大的脆弱性，减少生存的掠食者只有一半的凉爽的一年。因此，我们的工作确定了温度依赖性生理和补偿性摄食行为作为在整个种群和水体规模的鱼类种群中大量气候诱导死亡的近似机制。
The effects of climate change on plant and animal populations are widespread and documented for many species in many areas of the world. However, projections of climate impacts will require a better mechanistic understanding of ecological and behavioral responses to climate change and climate variation. For vertebrate animals, there is an absence of whole-system manipulative experiments that express natural variation in predator and prey behaviors. Here we investigate the effect of elevated water temperature on the physiology, behavior, growth, and survival of fish populations in a multiple whole-lake experiment, by using 17 lake-years of data collected over 2 years with differing average temperatures. We found that elevated temperatures in excess of the optimum reduced the scope for growth through reduced maximum consumption and increased metabolism in young rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Increased metabolism at high temperatures resulted in increased feeding activity (consumption) by individuals to compensate and maintain growth rates similar to that observed at cooler (optimum) temperatures. However, greater feeding activity rates resulted in greater vulnerability to predators that reduced survival to only half that of the cooler year. Our work therefore identifies temperature-dependent physiology and compensatory feeding behavior as proximate mechanisms for substantial climate-induced mortality in fish populations at the scale of entire populations and waterbodies.