Major-ion bulk deposition around an active volcano (Mt. Etna, Italy)
Major-ion bulk deposition around an active volcano (Mt. Etna, Italy)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00445-005-0005-x
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Longo, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aiuppa, A;Bellomo, S;Longo, M
从2001年到2003年，在一座活火山埃特纳周围的15个地点测量了主要阳离子（Na、K、Ca、Mg）和阴离子（Cl、F、SO 4）的大气沉积。它们的组成表明有几种天然来源，其中F、Cl和S主要是由地幔柱衍生的火山成因气体化合物沉积而成。在火山山顶采集的样本中，酸性成分占主导地位（pH值在2.45-5.57之间），也是由羽流衍生的酸性化合物造成的。阳离子种类有复杂的起源，包括沉积羽火山灰和气溶胶和土壤粉尘风再悬浮的火山岩或碳酸盐沉积岩，在2001年3月至2003年3月期间的沉积速率的变化，加上以前的测量1997年至2000年（应用地球化学16：985-1000，2001年），与SO2通量的变化，火山活动和降雨进行了比较。沉积速率主要受降雨控制。通常，山顶火山口羽流释放的HF、HCl和SO2中约有0.1-0.9%沉积在火山周围。我们估计，在2002-2003年侧面喷发期间，埃特纳地区沉积了约2千兆克的火山硫，平均速率约为24兆毫克/天，比典型的静止脱气阶段高出两个数量级。
Bulk atmospheric deposition of major cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and anions (Cl, F, SO4) were measured at 15 sites around an active volcano, Mount Etna, from 2001 to 2003. Their composition indicates several natural sources, among which deposition of plume-derived volcanogenic gas compounds is prevalent for F, Cl and S. Plume-derived acidic compounds are also responsible for the prevailing acidic composition of the samples collected on the summit of the volcano (pH in the 2.45-5.57 range). Cation species have complex origin, including deposition of plume volcanogenic ash and aerosols and soil-dust wind re-suspension of either volcanic or carbonate sedimentary rocks.Variation of the deposition rates during the March 2001-March 2003 period, coupled with previous measurements from 1997 to 2000 (Appl Geochem 16:985-1000, 2001), were compared with the variation of SO2 flux, volcanic activity and rainfall. The deposition rate was mainly controlled by rainfall. Commonly, about 0.1-0.9% of HF, HCl and SO2 emitted by the summit crater's plume were deposited around the volcano. We estimate that similar to 2 Gg of volcanogenic sulphur were deposited over the Etnean area during the 2002-2003 flank eruption, at an average rate of similar to 24 Mg day(-1) which is two orders of magnitude higher than that typical of quiescent degassing phases.