Multiphase progenetic development shaped the brain of flying archosaurs
Multiphase progenetic development shaped the brain of flying archosaurs
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-46959-2
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发表时间：
2019-07-25
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tafforeau, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beyrand, Vincent;Voeten, Dennis F. A. E.;Tafforeau, Paul
越来越多的灭绝和现存脊椎动物的虚拟颅骨内铸件的可获得性推动了对区分系统发育类群并解决其神经意义的内颅骨特征的探索。我们使用几何形态计量学比较了现代鸟类深刻进化历史上的始祖龙内胚层的系统发育和生态综合数据集，发现这一谱系经历了脑化的逐步提升，我们证明这是由前遗传发育导致的内颅穹顶增加的几个章节。在鸟形目动物中，伴随着逐渐缩小的脑化作用的升高，是茎鸟类二次飞出的原因。在中生代鸟形目中，至少在一些鸟形目中，内颅顶增加，但在早期新鸟纲中保持相对较小的程度。在古近纪，迁徙的非新鸟类保留了祖先水平的内铸穹顶，在那里，广泛的新鸟类生态位多样化经历了异时的脑形状辐射，非迁徙的古恐龙也是如此。我们推断翼龙大脑形状的建立背后有类似的发展。
The growing availability of virtual cranial endocasts of extinct and extant vertebrates has fueled the quest for endocranial characters that discriminate between phylogenetic groups and resolve their neural significances. We used geometric morphometrics to compare a phylogenetically and ecologically comprehensive data set of archosaurian endocasts along the deep evolutionary history of modern birds and found that this lineage experienced progressive elevation of encephalisation through several chapters of increased endocranial doming that we demonstrate to result from progenetic developments. Elevated encephalisation associated with progressive size reduction within Maniraptoriformes was secondarily exapted for flight by stem avialans. Within Mesozoic Avialae, endocranial doming increased in at least some Ornithurae, yet remained relatively modest in early Neornithes. During the Paleogene, volant non-neoavian birds retained ancestral levels of endocast doming where a broad neoavian niche diversification experienced heterochronic brain shape radiation, as did non-volant Palaeognathae. We infer comparable developments underlying the establishment of pterosaurian brain shapes.