Sprinting, Strength, and Architectural Adaptations Following Hamstring Training in Australian Footballers
Sprinting, Strength, and Architectural Adaptations Following Hamstring Training in Australian Footballers
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DOI：
10.1111/sms.13941
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发表时间：
2021-04-22
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Opar, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Timmins, Ryan G.;Filopoulos, Dean;Opar, David A.
这项研究的目的是确定澳大利亚足球运动员在髋关节主导的飞轮(Fly)或北欧腿筋练习(NHE)干预后的短跑、力量和建筑适应能力。27名男性运动员被随机分为飞行训练(n=13)和NHE训练(n=14)，训练时间为39周(包括季前和季内)。始终评估股二头肌长头肌(BFlh)的结构。在基线、季前赛结束和干预后评估偏心腿筋力量和40m冲刺时间(用力量-速度曲线)。干预后，两组BFlh束长度均较术前延长(Fly：1.16 cm，95%CI：0.66~1.66 cm，d=1.99，p&t；0.001；NHE：1.08 cm，95%CI：95%CI：0.54~1.61 cm，d=1.73，p<；0.001)。NHE：平均变化97N，95%可信区间47~146N，d=1.77，p=0.001。季前赛后，NHE组的5m冲刺时间提高了3.5%(+/-1.2%)，分别比Fly组快3.7%(+/-1.4%)和2.0%(+/-0.5%)。在季前赛结束时，苍蝇组的最大速度提高了3.4%(+/-1.4%)，水平力产量提高了9.7%(+/-2.2%)。果蝇和NHE干预都增加了澳大利亚足球运动员的BFlh束长度和偏心强度。NHE干预导致了加速能力的增强。建议在不改变短跑时间的情况下，进行苍蝇干预，以提高最大短跑速度和水平力量产生。这些发现不仅对预防腿部肌腱损伤有意义，而且对旨在提高短跑成绩的项目也有指导意义。
The aim of this study was to determine the sprinting, strength, and architectural adaptations following a hip-dominant flywheel (FLY) or Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) intervention in Australian footballers. Twenty-seven male athletes were randomized to FLY (n = 13) or NHE (n = 14) training across a 39-week period (inclusive of pre-season and in-season). Biceps femoris long head (BFlh) architecture was assessed throughout. Eccentric hamstring strength and 40 m sprint times (with force-velocity profiling) were assessed at baseline, end of pre-season, and following the intervention. After the intervention, BFlh fascicle length was longer in both groups compared to baseline (FLY: 1.16 cm, 95%CI: 0.66 to 1.66 cm, d = 1.99, p < 0.001; NHE: 1.08 cm, 95%CI: 95%CI 0.54 to 1.61 cm, d = 1.73, p < 0.001). Both groups also increased their eccentric strength (FLY: mean change 82 N, 95%CI 12 to 152 N, d = 1.34, p = 0.026; NHE: mean change 97 N, 95%CI 47 to 146 N, d = 1.77, p = 0.001). After pre-season, the NHE group improved their 5 m sprint time by 3.5% (+/- 1.2%) and were 3.7% (+/- 1.4%) and 2.0% (+/- 0.5%) faster than the FLY group across 5 m and 10 m, respectively. At the end of pre-season, the FLY group improved maximal velocity by 3.4% (+/- 1.4%) and improved horizontal force production by 9.7% in-season (+/- 2.2%). Both a FLY and NHE intervention increase BFlh fascicle length and eccentric strength in Australian Footballers. An NHE intervention led to enhanced acceleration capacity. A FLY intervention was suggested to improve maximal sprint velocity and horizontal force production, without changes in sprint times. These findings have implications for hamstring injury prevention but also programs aimed at improving sprint performance.