Testing the spatial and temporal framework of speciation in an ancient lake species flock: the leech genus Dina (Hirudinea: Erpobdellidae) in Lake Ohrid
Testing the spatial and temporal framework of speciation in an ancient lake species flock: the leech genus Dina (Hirudinea: Erpobdellidae) in Lake Ohrid
复制标题
测试古代湖泊物种群中物种形成的时空框架：奥赫里德湖的水蛭属 Dina（水蛭属：Erpobdellidae）
DOI：
10.5194/bg-7-3387-2010
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
T. Wilke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Trajanovski;C. Albrecht;K. Schreiber;R. Schultheiß;T. Stadler;M. Benke;T. Wilke
抽象的。位于巴尔干半岛的半岛上的古奥赫里德湖被认为是欧洲最古老的古湖，其年龄被认为是上新世/更新世。然而，其确切的地质年龄仍然未知。因此，奥赫里德湖生物群的分子钟数据可以作为一个独立的约束条件，现有的地质数据，并可能因此有助于完善年龄估计。这些进化数据也可能有助于揭示促进物种形成的潜在生物和非生物因素。在这里，线粒体测序数据的一个最大的群体的地方性类群在奥赫里德流域，水蛭属迪纳，是用来测试它是否代表一个古老的湖泊物种群，研究潜在的水平和垂直障碍的作用在流域的进化事件，估计在这个组的基础上分子钟分析多样化的开始，并将这些数据与其他特有物种的数据进行比较，以提供奥赫里德湖起源的大致时间框架。根据特有性、单系性和特有性等指标，可以认为狄那虫属是我国特有的一种。奥赫里德分水岭的一部分，实际上，代表了一个古老的湖泊物种群。然而，其物种的谱系分类似乎并不完整，并且/或者可能发生杂交。稻虱种群结构分析。在奥赫里德流域的研究表明，从春季和湖泊种群的单倍型水平地带性，证实了湖边的春天，特别是南部的馈线弹簧，在地方性奥赫里德类群的进化过程中的作用。垂直分化的湖泊类群，但是，似乎是有限的，虽然人口之间的差异从沿岸的和深水区是显而易见的。分子钟分析表明，该群现存物种的最新共同祖先约为1.99 ± 0.83百万年（Ma），而奥赫里德·迪纳群从湖外潜在的姐妹分类群中分离出来的时间估计为8.30 ± 3.60 Ma。与其他奥赫里德特有物种群的比较表明，在所有情况下，流域内的多样化开始≤ 2 Ma前。因此，这一估计可以提供关于奥赫里德湖起源的最低年龄的信息。最高年龄不太一致，一般也不太可靠。但谨慎地说，建议最大年龄为3 Ma。有趣的是，根据基因数据得出的奥赫里德湖起源的时间框架约为2 - 3 Ma前，与地质学家在文献中最常用的时间框架非常吻合。
Abstract. Ancient Lake Ohrid on the Balkan Peninsula is considered to be the oldest ancient lake in Europe with a suggested Plio-/Pleistocene age. Its exact geological age, however, remains unknown. Therefore, molecular clock data of Lake Ohrid biota may serve as an independent constraint of available geological data, and may thus help to refine age estimates. Such evolutionary data may also help unravel potential biotic and abiotic factors that promote speciation events. Here, mitochondrial sequencing data of one of the largest groups of endemic taxa in the Ohrid watershed, the leech genus Dina, is used to test whether it represents an ancient lake species flock, to study the role of potential horizontal and vertical barriers in the watershed for evolutionary events, to estimate the onset of diversification in this group based on molecular clock analyses, and to compare this data with data from other endemic species for providing an approximate time frame for the origin of Lake Ohrid. Based on the criteria speciosity, monophyly and endemicity, it can be concluded that Dina spp. from the Ohrid watershed, indeed, represents an ancient lake species flock. Lineage sorting of its species, however, does not seem to be complete and/or hybridization may occur. Analyses of population structures of Dina spp. in the Ohrid watershed indicate a horizontal zonation of haplotypes from spring and lake populations, corroborating the role of lake-side springs, particularly the southern feeder springs, for evolutionary processes in endemic Ohrid taxa. Vertical differentiation of lake taxa, however, appears to be limited, though differences between populations from the littoral and the profundal are apparent. Molecular clock analyses indicate that the most recent common ancestor of extant species of this flock is approximately 1.99 ± 0.83 million years (Ma) old, whereas the split of the Ohrid Dina flock from a potential sister taxon outside the lake is estimated at 8.30 ± 3.60 Ma. Comparisons with other groups of endemic Ohrid species indicated that in all cases, diversification within the watershed started ≤2 Ma ago. Thus, this estimate may provide information on a minimum age for the origin of Lake Ohrid. Maximum ages are less consistent and generally less reliable. But cautiously, a maximum age of 3 Ma is suggested. Interestingly, this time frame of approximately 2–3 Ma ago for the origin of Lake Ohrid, generated based on genetic data, well fits the time frame most often used in the literature by geologists.