The L-Cell in Nutritional Sensing and the Regulation of Appetite.
The L-Cell in Nutritional Sensing and the Regulation of Appetite.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2015.00023
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Murphy KG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spreckley E;Murphy KG
胃肠道（GI）感知食物的摄入，并通过向大脑发出信号来做出反应，以促进饱足感和饱腹感。肠内分泌L细胞代表肠-脑轴的重要部分，其响应于食物的摄取而分泌厌食肽激素胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）和肽YY（PYY）。GLP-1的释放具有多种作用，包括从胰腺β细胞分泌胰岛素、减少胃排空和增加饱足感。PYY还减缓GI运动并减少食物摄入。至少部分肠-脑反应似乎是由于L细胞通过包括特定营养感受受体在内的机制直接感受大量营养素。这些受体可能代表了靶向降低食欲和增加能量消耗的可能途径。设计药物或功能食品来利用这些营养感应机制的机制可能会为治疗肥胖和代谢疾病的药物提供一种潜在的方法。
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract senses the ingestion of food and responds by signaling to the brain to promote satiation and satiety. Representing an important part of the gut–brain axis, enteroendocrine L-cells secrete the anorectic peptide hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) in response to the ingestion of food. The release of GLP-1 has multiple effects, including the secretion of insulin from pancreatic β-cells, decreased gastric emptying, and increased satiation. PYY also slows GI motility and reduces food intake. At least part of the gut–brain response seems to be due to direct sensing of macronutrients by L-cells, by mechanisms including specific nutrient-sensing receptors. Such receptors may represent possible pathways to target to decrease appetite and increase energy expenditure. Designing drugs or functional foods to exploit the machinery of these nutrient-sensing mechanisms may offer a potential approach for agents to treat obesity and metabolic disease.