Cigarette smoking and musculoskeletal disorders.
Cigarette smoking and musculoskeletal disorders.
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DOI：
10.11138/mltj/2013.3.2.063
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Salini, Vincenzo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abate, Michele;Vanni, Daniele;Salini, Vincenzo
吸烟对肌肉骨骼系统有害。骨矿物质含量的损失和骨折发生率的增加是最知名的负面后果。其发病机制复杂，既有尼古丁对成骨细胞/破骨细胞活性的直接毒性作用，又有对性激素、肾上腺皮质激素、维生素D、肠道钙吸收、血管和氧气供应的间接作用。吸烟可能会促进类风湿性关节炎和背痛的发作或加重其进展。已经观察到对肌肉和肌腱的负面影响。此外，吸烟习惯与一些短期术后并发症和更高的资源消耗有关。戒烟是非常可取的，对骨代谢的长期积极影响。在接受骨科手术的患者中可以获得更积极和直接的结果：愈合过程得到改善，并发症的发生率降低，住院时间缩短。
Cigarette smoking has deleterious effects on the musculo-skeletal system. The loss of bone mineral content and increased incidence of fractures are the best known negative consequences. The pathogenesis is complex, due to direct toxic effects on osteoblasts/osteoclasts activity of nicotine, and indirect actions on sex and adrenocortical hormones, vitamin D, intestinal calcium absorption, vessels and oxygen supply. Smoking may favour the onset or aggravate the progression of rheumatoid arthritis and back pain. Negative influences have been observed on muscle and on tendons. Moreover, smoking habit is associated to a number of short term post-operative complications and higher resource consumption. Smoking cessation is highly advisable with positive effects on the bone metabolism on the long term. More positive and immediate results can be obtained in patients submitted to orthopedic surgery: the healing process is improved, the frequency of complications is reduced, and the length of hospital stay is shortened.