Changes in cortical activity during mental rotation - A mapping study using functional MRI
Changes in cortical activity during mental rotation - A mapping study using functional MRI
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/119.1.89
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发表时间：
1996-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Belliveau, JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, MS;Kosslyn, SM;Belliveau, JW
心理图像是解决问题的重要认知方法，如Shepard and Metzler（1971）所描述的那样，复杂物体的心理旋转是对心理图像任务的最佳研究之一。功能性MRI用于观察10位健康志愿者在每个试验中执行心理旋转任务的健康志愿者的血流的局灶性变化，受试者查看了一对三维形状的透视图，在精神上旋转了一个与另一个的一致性，然后旋转确定两种形式是相同的还是镜像。 RYE称之为“比较”条件的控制任务是相同的，除了每对的两个成员都出现在相同的方向上，因此使用了相同的编码，比较和决策过程，但不需要心理旋转。这些任务与基线“固定”条件交织在一起，受试者在该条件下查看了十字路口。在10名受试者中的8个中，获得了技术足够的研究。根据Sulcal Landmarks确定了信号增加的区域，并根据Brodmann的区域（BA）定义进行了描述，该定义根据Talaraich和Tournoux的地图集对应。当旋转任务与比较条件形成鲜明对比时，所有受试者在BAS 7a和7b中均表现出一致的激活焦点（有时扩散到BA 40）； 88％的信号增加了中额回的信号（BA 8），75％的信号表现出腹腔外激活，包括尤其是BAS 39和19，位于与功能和组织学测定法相一致的位置。在一半的受试者的移动中，接合了手体感皮质（3-1-2），在50％的受试者中，BA 18中的信号升高。在额叶皮层中，激活在BAS 9和BAS 9和BAS 9和一半的受试者中高于阈值。 /或46（背侧前额叶皮层）。 BAS 44和/或46中的一些（八分之四）也显示出信号的增加。在旋转任务期间，前一半受试者的前皮层（BA 6）活跃。几乎没有证据表明皮质活性或运动皮层的参与。这些数据与以下假设一致：心理旋转与跟踪移动对象和编码空间关系有关的皮质区域与皮质区域有关，并且更一般地理解了心理图像与直接感知相同或相似的神经图像。
Mental imagery is an important cognitive method for problem solving, and the mental rotation of complex objects, as originally described by Shepard and Metzler (1971), is among the best studied of mental imagery tasks. Functional MRI was used to observe focal changes in blood flow in the brains of 10 healthy volunteers performing a mental rotation task On each trial, subjects viewed a pair of perspective drawings of three-dimensional shapes, mentally rotated one into congruence with the other and then determined whether the two forms were identical or mirror-images. The control task, which rye have called the 'comparison' condition, was identical except that both members of each pair appeared at the same orientation, and hence the same encoding, comparison and decision processes were used but mental rotation was not required. These tasks were interleaved with a baseline 'fixation' condition, in which the subjects viewed a crosshair. Technically adequate studies were obtained in eight of the 10 subjects. Areas of increased signal were identified according to sulcal landmarks and are described in terms of the Brodmann's area (BA) definitions that correspond according to the atlas of Talaraich and Tournoux. When the rotation task was contrasted with the comparison condition, all subjects showed consistent foci of activation in BAs 7a and 7b (sometimes spreading to BA 40); 88% had increased signal in middle frontal gyrus (BA 8) and 75% showed extrastriate activation including particularly BAs 39 and 19, in a position consistent with area V5/human MT as localized by functional and histological assays. In move than half of the subjects, hand somatosensory cortex (3-1-2) was engaged, and in 50% of subjects there was elevated signal in BA 18. In frontal cortex activation was above threshold in half the subjects in BAs 9 and/or 46 (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). Some (four out of eight) subjects also showed signal increases in BAs 44 and/or 46. Premotor cortex (BA 6) was active in half of the subjects during the rotation task. There was little evidence for lateralization of the cortical activity or of engagement of motor cortex. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that mental rotation engages cortical areas involved in tracking moving objects and encoding spatial relations, as well as the more general understanding that mental imagery engages the same, or similar, neural imagery as direct perception.