Estrus-Cycle Regulation of Cortical Inhibition
Estrus-Cycle Regulation of Cortical Inhibition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.045
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发表时间：
2019-02-18
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Brecht, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clemens, Ann M.;Lenschow, Constanze;Brecht, Michael
雌性哺乳动物经历性感受性的周期性变化，称为发情周期。尽管感觉、认知和癫痫周期性发生的改变表明大脑范围内的处理变化，但关于发情期如何影响大脑皮层的研究却很少。我们在雌性大鼠的躯体感觉皮层中进行了体内单细胞和全细胞记录，发现发情周期有力地改变了皮层抑制。快速尖峰的中间神经元强烈激活与社会面部触摸和变化的发情周期和雌二醇在卵巢切除的女性正在进行的活动，而定期尖峰兴奋性神经元没有改变。雌激素受体β（Esr2）的原位杂交显示，共定位与小清蛋白阳性（PV+）的中间神经元在深层皮质层，反映了我们的生理发现的层状分布。皮质V层雌激素受体β（Esr 2）和PV共定位（Esr 2（+）PV+）阳性神经元的比例在动情前期增加。体内和体外实验证实，雌激素通过雌激素受体β依赖性机制局部作用于增加快速尖峰中间神经元兴奋性。
Female mammals experience cyclical changes in sexual receptivity known as the estrus cycle. Little is known about how estrus affects the cortex, although alterations in sensation, cognition and the cyclical occurrence of epilepsy suggest brain-wide processing changes. We performed in vivo juxtacellular and whole-cell recordings in somatosensory cortex of female rats and found that the estrus cycle potently altered cortical inhibition. Fast-spiking interneurons were strongly activated with social facial touch and varied their ongoing activity with the estrus cycle and estradiol in ovariectomized females, while regular-spiking excitatory neurons did not change. In situ hybridization for estrogen receptor beta (Esr2) showed co-localization with parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons in deep cortical layers, mirroring the laminar distribution of our physiological findings. The fraction of neurons positive for estrogen receptor beta (Esr2) and PV co-localization (Esr2(+) PV+) in cortical layer V was increased in proestrus. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that estrogen acts locally to increase fast-spiking interneuron excitability through an estrogen-receptorb-beta-dependent mechanism.