Assessment of economic and environmental impacts of two typical cotton genotypes with contrasting potassium efficiency
Assessment of economic and environmental impacts of two typical cotton genotypes with contrasting potassium efficiency
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DOI：
10.1002/jpln.201200248
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hao Yan-shu;W. Xiaoli;Xiaocheng Ying;Wu Li-shu;Jiang Cuncang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hao Yan-shu;W. Xiaoli;Xiaocheng Ying;Wu Li-shu;Jiang Cuncang
必须实现最佳作物产量，同时减少过度施肥对环境的不利影响。因此，营养高效的植物可能在提高肥料使用效率同时提高作物产量方面发挥重要作用。本试验旨在研究高效钾基因103号棉花和低钾基因122号棉花对氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）吸收利用的差异及其环境和经济效应。结果表明，钾高效基因型103和低钾基因型122籽棉产量差异显着；基因型103的产量比基因型122不施钾肥（K0）、112 kg K ha-1 K（K1）和224 kg K ha-1（K2）的产量分别高39.2%、33.8%和25.0%。即使不施钾肥，在最高钾水平（K2）下，基因型103的产量仍比基因型122的产量高7.9%。进一步的经济效益分析显示，基因型103的价值成本比（VCR）在K0和K1水平上均显着高于基因型122，并且基因型103的收获指数（HI）在所有三个K水平上均显着高于基因型122。此外，施钾肥时，103基因型的施钾偏生产力（PFPK）显着高于122基因型，说明103基因型具有更强的钾肥利用能力。此外，103基因型的氮磷利用效率也高于122基因型。由此得出：（1）103基因型的效益优于122基因型。 122和(2)基因型103更有效地使用肥料，减少肥料投入将减轻环境风险。
It is essential to produce optimal crop yields while reducing adverse environmental impacts of overfertilization. Therefore, nutrient-efficient plants may play a major role in improving the efficiency of fertilizer use whilst increasing crop yields. This field trial was conducted to study the differences on absorption and utilization of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) of K-efficient cotton genotype 103 and K-inefficient cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotype 122 and their environmental and economic effects. The results show that seed cotton yield was significantly different between K-efficient cotton genotype 103 and K-inefficient cotton genotype 122; the yields of genotype 103 were 39.2%, 33.8%, and 25.0% higher than those of genotype 122 with no K fertilizer (K0), 112 kg K ha–1 K (K1), and 224 kg K ha–1 (K2), respectively. Even when no K fertilizer was applied, the yield of genotype 103 was still 7.9% higher than the yield of genotype 122 at the highest K level (K2). Further economic benefit analysis revealed that the value cost ratio (VCR) of genotype 103 was significantly higher than 122 at K0 and K1, and harvest index (HI) of genotype 103 was significantly higher than that of genotype 122 at all three K levels. In addition, when fertilized with K, partial factor productivity of applied K (PFPK) of genotype 103 was dramatically higher than that of genotype 122, demonstrating that genotype 103 had stronger ability to utilize K. Besides, the N- and P-use efficiencies of genotype 103 were also higher than those of genotype 122. It is concluded that: (1) genotype 103 gives better profit than genotype 122 and (2) genotype 103 uses fertilizer more efficiently and reduced fertilizer inputs will alleviate environmental risks.