Multi-Objective Takeoff Time Optimization Using Cellular Automaton-Based Simulator
Multi-Objective Takeoff Time Optimization Using Cellular Automaton-Based Simulator
复制标题
基于元胞自动机模拟器的多目标起飞时间优化
DOI：
10.1109/access.2021.3084215
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Katsuhiro Sekine;T. Tatsukawa;E. Itoh;K. Fujii
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Katsuhiro Sekine;T. Tatsukawa;E. Itoh;K. Fujii
尽管时刻表设计在降低航空公司运营成本和航班延误方面具有进一步的潜力，但迄今为止，尚未讨论整合空中交通流量的全局最优时刻表设计的有效性。本文提出了一种全局多目标起飞时间优化，以设计有效的航班时刻表，从而最大限度地减少拥堵并为交通问题提供足够的弹性。本研究采用 NSGA-II 作为多目标优化技术。目标函数包括最小化总到达延误时间和总燃油消耗，因为这些是空中交通管理 (ATM) 的关键绩效指标。本研究中使用的设计变量是每个航班降落在东京国际机场的起飞时间偏移。本研究使用了 607 个设计变量。设计变量的范围为±300 秒，以研究起飞时间微小变化的影响。利用基于元胞自动机的模型来模拟航班之间的相互作用。仿真结果表明，所得到的最优解可以使总到达延误时间和总油耗分别大幅减少1500分钟和80吨。最优航班时刻之一的航路和航站楼空域间距调整较原航班时刻减少了80%。其他分析表明，在拥堵时段从同一地点出发的航班最好比非拥堵时段拥有更长的起飞时间间隔。这表明机场地面运行的优化提高了空中交通运行的效率。
Although schedule design has further potential to reduce airline operation costs and flight delay, the effectiveness of the globally optimal schedule design integrating air traffic flow has not been discussed thus far. This paper presents a global multi-objective takeoff time optimization to design efficient flight schedules that lead to minimal congestion and provide sufficient resilience against traffic problems. NSGA-II is adopted as the multi-objective optimization technique in this study. The objective functions include minimization of the total arrival delay and total fuel consumption because these are key performance indicators of air traffic management (ATM). The design variable used in this study is the takeoff time offset of each flight landing at the Tokyo International Airport. 607 design variables were used in this study. The range of the design variables was ±300 s to investigate the effect of a minor variation in the takeoff time. A cellular automaton-based model was utilized to simulate the interaction of the flights with each other. The results of the simulations demonstrated that the obtained optimal solutions could drastically reduce the total arrival delay and total fuel consumption by 1500 min and 80 tons, respectively. The spacing adjustments of one of the optimum flight schedules, in comparison to the original flight schedule, were reduced by 80% in the en-route and terminal airspaces. Additional analyses suggest that it is preferable to have longer takeoff time intervals for flights originating from the same point during congestion hours than those during non-congestion hours. This indicates that the optimization of ground movements in airports improves the efficiency of air traffic operations.