A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF MUSCLE STRENGTH AND MASS IN 45-YEAR-OLD TO 78-YR-OLD MEN AND WOMEN
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF MUSCLE STRENGTH AND MASS IN 45-YEAR-OLD TO 78-YR-OLD MEN AND WOMEN
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1991.71.2.644
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发表时间：
1991-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
EVANS, WJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FRONTERA, WR;HUGHES, VA;EVANS, WJ
对200名45 ~ 78岁的健康男性和女性的手肘、膝关节伸肌和屈肌等速肌力进行了测量，以研究肌力、年龄和身体成分之间的关系。使用Cybex II等速测力计在60和240度/s时测量膝关节的峰值扭矩，在60和180度/s时测量肘关节的峰值扭矩。所有受试者的去脂体重（FFM）通过静水压称重进行估计，141例受试者的肌肉质量（MM）通过尿肌酸排泄进行测定。FFM和MM在高龄组显著降低（P < 0.001）。在两种测试速度下，65至78岁的男性和女性的所有肌肉群的力量都显著低于45至54岁的男性和女性（P < 0.006）（范围为15.5-26.7%）。当根据FFM或MM调整力量时，除在240度/s下测试的膝伸肌外，所有肌群的年龄相关差异均不显著。妇女的绝对力量为男子的42.2%至62.8%。当强度表示为每千克MM时，这些性别差异较小和/或不存在。这些数据表明，MM是骨骼肌强度的年龄和性别相关差异的主要决定因素。此外，这一发现在很大程度上与肌肉位置（上肢与下肢）和功能（伸展与屈曲）无关。
The isokinetic strength of the elbow and knee extensors and flexors was measured in 200 healthy 45- to 78-yr-old men and women to examine the relationship between muscle strength, age, and body composition. Peak torque was measured at 60 and 240-degrees/s in the knee and at 60 and 180-degrees/s in the elbow by use of a Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer. Fat-free mass (FFM) was estimated by hydrostatic weighing in all subjects, and muscle mass (MM) was determined in 141 subjects from urinary creatine excretion. FFM and MM were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the oldest group. Strength of all muscle groups at both testing speeds was significantly (P < 0.006) lower (range 15.5-26.7%) in the 65- to 78- than in the 45- to 54-yr-old men and women. When strength was adjusted for FFM or MM, the age-related differences were not significant in all muscle groups except the knee extensors tested at 240-degrees/s. Absolute strength of the women ranged from 42.2 to 62.8% that of men. When strength was expressed per kilogram of MM, these gender differences were smaller and/or not present. These data suggest that MM is a major determinant of the age- and gender-related differences in skeletal muscle strength. Furthermore, this finding is, to a large extent, independent of muscle location (upper vs. lower extremities) and function (extension vs. flexion).