Grain yield increase in recent argentine wheat cultivars
Grain yield increase in recent argentine wheat cultivars
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183x003800050015x
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Marturano, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abbate, PE;Andrade, FH;Marturano, F
本研究分析了6个半矮秆芒型春小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）最近在阿根廷选择的品种。产量被认为是每平方米的谷粒数（NG）和每粒谷粒的重量的乘积。NG在以下方面进行分析：（i）花序生长期的持续时间（不包括谷粒），（ii）在该期间的作物生长速率，（iii）在同一期间作物干物质向穗的分配，和（iv）谷粒/穗重量比（即，每克穗粒数）。数据来自布宜诺斯艾利斯省的两个实地实验。籽粒产量（范围：453-689 g m（-2））与NG（范围：13.3-21.3 × 10（3）粒m（-2））的相关性大于与单粒重的相关性。各品种的穗期均为27 d，在此期间，各品种的光合有效辐射、辐射利用效率、光合有效辐射、（平均值：2.7 +/- 0.28 g MJ（-1））和作物生长率（平均：26 +/- 2.5 g m（-2）d（-1）），品种间差异显著。然而，NG与分配至加标物无关。籽粒/穗重比（61-106粒/g）在品种间存在显著差异，NG与该比值的相关性（r = 0.96，P < 0.01）大于与生育末期穗干重的相关性（r = -0.30）。通过高粒/穗重比增加潜在产量以前没有报道，可能是未来潜在产量提高的途径。
This study analyzes differences in potential yield among six semidwarf awned spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars recently selected in Argentina. Yield was considered as the product of number of grain per square meter (NG) and weight per grain. The NG was analyzed in terms of (i) duration of the inflorescence growth period (excluding grains), (ii) crop growth rate during that period, (iii) partitioning of crop dry matter to spikes during the same period, and (iv) grain/spike weight ratio (i.e., number of grains per gram of spike). The data were obtained from two field experiments in the Province of Buenos Aires. Grain yield (range: 453-689 g m(-2)) was related more to NG (range: 13.3-21.3 x 10(3) grain m(-2)) than to weight per grain. Duration of spike growth period was the same (27 d) for all cultivars, During this period, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation, radiation-use efficiency (mean: 2.7 +/- 0.28 g MJ(-1)), and crop growth rate (mean: 26 +/- 2.5 g m(-2) d(-1)) were similar for all the cultivars examined, Differences among cultivars in partitioning to spikes (ranges: 28-34%) were significant. The NG, however, was not related to partitioning to the spike. There were clear differences among cultivars in the grain/spike weight ratio (range: 61-106 grain g(-1)); NG was more closely related to this ratio (r = 0.96, P < 0.01) than to dry weight of spikes at the end of their growth period (r = -0.30). increments in potential yield by means of high grain/spike weight ratio were not previously reported and may be a path to future potential yield improvements.