Epidemiologic study of mortality during the Summer 2003 heat wave in Italy
Epidemiologic study of mortality during the Summer 2003 heat wave in Italy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2004.10.009
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Perini, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conti, S;Meli, P;Perini, L
简介：人们普遍认识到，夏季的极端气候条件可能构成重大的公共卫生威胁。由于所谓的“城市热岛效应”以及热浪对健康的影响，与居住在郊区和农村地区的人相比，居住在城市的人在温度和湿度较高时死亡的风险更高。对热浪相关死亡率的研究进一步表明，死亡率增幅最大的是老年人。继 2003 年异常炎热的夏季以及来自法国等邻国的重大消息之后，意大利卫生部长要求高级卫生统计局对 2003 年夏季意大利的死亡率进行流行病学研究，以调查是否存在过多的死亡人数，特别关注老年人口。材料和方法：保存生命统计数据的社区办公室被要求提供2003年6月1日至8月31日期间以及2002年同期意大利21个州首府每日登记的居民个人死亡记录。由于需要快速从多个城市获取死亡数据并尽快进行分析，因此采用的方法是热浪期间的死亡人数与去年同期的死亡人数进行比较。结果：与2002年相比，2003年6月1日至8月31日期间，死亡人数总体增加了3134人（从20564人增加到23698人）。增幅最大的是老年人； 75岁及以上人群中有2876人死亡（92%），增加了五分之一以上（21.3%，从13.517%增至16.393%）。增幅最高的是西北部城市，这些城市普遍气候寒冷，并且年龄在 75 岁及以上：都灵 (44.9%)、特伦托 (35.2%)、米兰 (30.6%) 和热那亚 (22.2%)。值得注意的是两个南部城市拉奎拉 (24.7%) 和波坦察 (25.4%) 的增长，分别位于 700 和 800 的水平之上。巴里和坎波巴索都位于南部，典型的夏季气候炎热，8月最后15天的增幅分别为186.2%和450%。结论：死亡率与气候条件引起的不适之间的关系以及较短的滞后时间向公众发出了明确的信息：必须对老年人和体弱者采取预防、社会和卫生保健行动，以避免热浪期间的过多死亡。 (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Introduction: It is widely recognized that extreme climatic conditions during summer months may constitute a major public health threat. Owing to what is called the "urban heat island effect," as well as to the consequences of heat waves on health, individuals living in cities have an elevated risk of death when temperature and humidity are high compared to those living in suburban and rural areas. Studies on heat wave-related mortality have further demonstrated that the greatest increases in mortality occur in the elderly. Following the unusually hot summer of 2003 and the dramatic news from neighboring countries such as France, the Italian Minister of Health requested the Istituto Superiore di SanitA-Bureau of Statistics to undertake an epidemiologic study of mortality in Italy during Summer 2003 to investigate whether there had been an excess of deaths, with a particular focus on the elderly population. Materials and methods: Communal offices, which maintain vital statistics, were asked for the individual records of death of residents registered daily during the period 1 June-31 August 2003 and during the same period of 2002 for each of the 21 capitals of the Italian regions. As it was necessary to obtain mortality data quickly from many municipalities and to make the analysis as soon as possible, the method adopted was comparison of mortality counts during the heat wave with figures observed during the same period of the previous year. Results: Compared with 2002, between I June and 31 August 2003, there was an overall increase in mortality of 3134 (from 20,564 to 23,698). The greatest increase was among the elderly; 2876 deaths (92%) occurred among people aged 75 years and older, a more than one-fifth increase (21.3%, from 13.517 to 16.393%). The highest increases were observed in the northwestern cities, which are generally characterized by cold weather, and in individuals 75 years and older: Turin (44.9%), Trento (35.2%), Milan (30.6%), and Genoa (22.2%). Of note are also the increases observed in two southern cities, L'Aquila (24.7%) and Potenza (25.4%), which are located, respectively, at 700 and 800 in above see level. For Bari and Campobasso, both in the South, with a typically hot summer climate, the increase during the last 15 days of August was 186.2 and 450%, respectively. Conclusions: The relationship between mortality and discomfort due to climatic conditions as well as the short lag time give a clear public health message: preventive, social, and health care actions must be administered to the elderly and the frail to avoid excess deaths during heat waves. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.