The Social Construction of Illness: Key Insights and Policy Implications
The Social Construction of Illness: Key Insights and Policy Implications
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DOI：
10.1177/0022146510383495
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Barker, Kristin K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conrad, Peter;Barker, Kristin K.
疾病的社会建构是医学社会学的一个重要研究视角。本文追溯了这种观点的根源，并提出了三个总体的建构主义的发现。首先，有些疾病特别具有文化意义，而这种意义并不直接来自疾病的性质，它决定了社会对那些患病者的反应，并影响了这种疾病的经历。其次，所有疾病都是在经验层面上社会建构的，基于个人如何理解和忍受自己的疾病。第三，关于疾病的医学知识不一定是自然赋予的，而是由索赔人和有关各方构建和发展的。我们解决中央政策的影响，这些研究结果，并讨论了富有成效的方向，政策相关的研究在社会建构主义的传统。社会建构主义为医学在很大程度上确定性的疾病和疾病方法提供了一个重要的对应点，它可以帮助我们扩大政策审议和决策。
The social construction of illness is a major research perspective in medical sociology. This article traces the roots of this perspective and presents three overarching constructionist findings. First, some illnesses are particularly embedded with cultural meaning-which is not directly derived from the nature of the condition-that shapes how society responds to those afflicted and influences the experience of that illness. Second, all illnesses are socially constructed at the experiential level, based on how individuals come to understand and live with their illness. Third, medical knowledge about illness and disease is not necessarily given by nature but is constructed and developed by claims-makers and interested parties. We address central policy implications of each of these findings and discuss fruitful directions for policy-relevant research in a social constructionist tradition. Social constructionism provides an important counterpoint to medicine's largely deterministic approaches to disease and illness, and it can help us broaden policy deliberations and decisions.