Community composition, host range and genetic structure of the fungal entomopathogen Beauveria in adjoining agricultural and seminatural habitats
Community composition, host range and genetic structure of the fungal entomopathogen Beauveria in adjoining agricultural and seminatural habitats
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04095.x
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Rehner, Stephen A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyling, Nicolai V.;Lubeck, Mette;Rehner, Stephen A.
虽然深入研究了害虫的生物防治，但对自然或农业生境中的真菌昆虫病原性白僵菌属的生态学知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们使用分子系统发育和基因型信息来推断物种多样性，繁殖潜力和遗传结构的白僵菌发生在一个单一的耕地和接壤的树篱在丹麦。分离株的采样从耕地和绿篱土壤，从潜伏真菌感染的昆虫，并从常见的绿篱植物群中的三种植物的叶面。这个地方白僵菌组合解决了7个系统发育的物种，包括（i）5个系统发育的白僵菌内的球孢白僵菌严格意义上的物种;（ii）分支C，一个分类学上的uncharacterized种，形态上难以区分，但与B的系统发育距离。bassiana s.s.;和（iii）布氏白僵菌。所有七个物种都存在于整个树篱栖息地，包括昆虫的感染。值得注意的是，只有B。巴西纳公司系统发育种Eu_1分离自耕作土壤。交配型聚合酶链反应分析表明，所有五个B。巴西纳公司系统发育的物种具有两极异交交配系统。其中，只有Eu_1种群包含两种交配型，但MAT1：MAT2交配型的偏斜率为31：2，表明该种群有性生殖频率较低。剩下的四个B。巴西纳公司系统发育的种均为单一交配型，具有明显的克隆性。多位点微卫星基因分型结果显示，B的5个种均存在多态性。bassiana s.s.;然而，所有这些都显示出克隆遗传结构证据。
Although intensively investigated for biological control of insect pests, little is known about the ecology of the fungal entomopathogenic genus Beauveria in natural or agricultural habitats. In this study, we used molecular phylogenetic and genotypic information to infer species diversity, reproductive potential and genetic structure of Beauveria occurring within a single arable field and bordering hedgerow in Denmark. Isolates were sampled from cultivated field and hedgerow soils, from insects harbouring latent fungal infections, and from the phylloplanes of three plant species common in the hedgerow flora. A nuclear phylogeny of this local Beauveria assemblage resolved seven phylogenetic species, including (i) five phylogenetic species within Beauveria bassiana sensu stricto; (ii) Clade C, a taxonomically uncharacterized species that is morphologically indistinguishable but phylogenetically distant from B. bassiana s.s.; and (iii) Beauveria brongniartii. All seven species were present throughout the hedgerow habitat, including as infections in insects. Significantly, only B. bassiana s.s. phylogenetic species Eu_1 was isolated from tilled soils. Mating type polymerase chain reaction assays demonstrated that all five B. bassiana s.s. phylogenetic species possess bipolar outcrossing mating systems. Of these, only the Eu_1 population contained two mating types; however, a 31:2 skew in MAT1:MAT2 mating types suggests a low frequency of sexual reproduction in this population. The four remaining B. bassiana s.s. phylogenetic species were fixed for single mating types and these populations are evidently clonal. Multilocus microsatellite genotyping revealed polymorphism in all five phylogenetic species of B. bassiana s.s.; however, all show evidence of clonal genetic structure.