Multiple-stressor effects on stream macroinvertebrate communities: A mesocosm experiment manipulating salinity, fine sediment and flow velocity
Multiple-stressor effects on stream macroinvertebrate communities: A mesocosm experiment manipulating salinity, fine sediment and flow velocity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.084
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Leese, Florian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beermann, Arne J.;Elbrecht, Vasco;Leese, Florian
河流生态系统受到全球多种压力源的影响。最近的研究表明，多种压力源的影响往往很复杂，并且很难根据单一压力源的影响来预测。需要更多的研究来了解压力源对溪流社区的影响并设计适当的应对措施。我们进行了一项户外中生态实验，以评估单一和交互的多重应激源对河流大型无脊椎动物的影响，在一个设置中控制应用三个全球重要的应激源，即在全因子设计中降低溪流流速、细沉积物沉积和增加氯化物浓度。每个中生态系统由三个隔室（通道基质、落叶袋和流网）组成，对这些隔室进行单独分析和比较。我们总共鉴定了 102,501 个标本（主要是科级），其中 36.5% 在基质中发现，60.6% 在垃圾袋中发现，2.9% 在漂流中发现。添加的细沉积物和降低的流速对 EPT 类群，即蜉蝣目（蜉蝣目）、蜉蝣目（石蝇）和毛翅目（石蛾）的丰度具有强烈的负向单一应激影响，并对基质中摇蚊的丰度产生正向影响。盐浓度的增加降低了蜉蝣目的丰度。当水流速度降低时，摇蚊科从垃圾袋迁移到河道底层，而当沉积物添加时，细纹科则相反。所有三个压力源都会导致更高的漂移倾向，尤其是细小的沉积物的增加。加性和复杂的多重压力源效应都很常见。复杂的三向相互作用影响了基质中的 EPT 丰富度，表明需要评估两个以上压力源的高阶相互作用。我们的结果进一步证明，多种压力源相互作用，特别是与其他压力源的盐度增加，影响溪流群落不同栖息地的各种无脊椎动物类群。研究结果对水管理具有直接影响，因为它们强调需要在多重压力源相互作用的背景下重新评估定义的盐度阈值。 (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Stream ecosystems are impacted by multiple stressors worldwide. Recent studies have shown that the effects of multiple stressors are often complex and difficult to predict based on the effects of single stressors. More research is needed to understand stressor impacts on stream communities and to design appropriate counteractions. We carried out an outdoor mesocosm experiment to assess single and interactive multiple-stressor effects on stream macroinvertebrates in a setup with controlled application of three globally important stressors, namely, reduced stream flow velocity, deposition of fine sediment and increased chloride concentration in a full-factorial design. Each mesocosm comprised three compartments (channel substratum, leaf litter bag and drift net) that were individually analyzed and also compared. We identified 102,501 specimens in total (mainly to family level), 36.5% of which were found in the substratum, 60.6% in litter bags and 2.9% in the drift. Added fine sediment and reduced flow velocity had strong negative single-stressor effects on the abundances of EPT taxa, i.e. Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies) and Trichoptera (caddisflies), and a positive effect on chironomid abundances in the substratum. Increased salt concentration reduced abundances of Ephemeroptera. Chironomids migrated from litter bag to channel substratum when water velocity was reduced and Leptophlebiidae in the opposite direction when sediment was added. All three stressors caused higher drift propensities, especially added fine sediment. Both additive and complex multiple-stressor effects were common. A complex three-way interaction affected EPT richness in the substratum, demonstrating the need to evaluate higher-order interactions for more than two stressors. Our results add further evidence that multiple-stressor interactions, notably increased salinity with other stressors, affect a variety of invertebrate taxa across different habitats of stream communities. The results have direct implications for water management as they highlight the need to re-evaluate defined salinity thresholds in the context of multiple-stressor interactions. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.