One internship, two internships, three internships … more!’: exploring the culture of the multiple internship economy
One internship, two internships, three internships … more!’: exploring the culture of the multiple internship economy
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一次实习，两次实习，三次实习……更多！——探索多元实习经济的文化
DOI：
10.1080/13639080.2022.2036713
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Wolfgram, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wolfgram, M.
实习越来越多地被推广为一种高影响力的做法，以改善学生毕业后的就业结果，教育工作者经常鼓励学生参加多次实习。然而，缺乏关于参与多次实习的社会文化背景的研究。我们提出了关于多次实习文化的发现--利用焦点小组和对美国五所大学的学生进行了为期一年的跟踪采访，以及对他们的教育工作者的采访，以及对有关多次实习参与的在线文件的分析。这些证据记录了多重实习经济的一种特殊文化，将多重实习描述为一种线性的、进步的、以目标为导向的文化项目，目的是积累一个有市场的自我；人类学家也将其描述为一种新自由主义的自我概念。这种有市场的新自由主义自我的文化概念由多种标志组成--比如多个实习生的叙述--这些标志提供了技能和经验的证据，表明了坚持不懈地克服障碍，以及“忙碌”和“不惜一切代价”的态度，可以用来应对竞争激烈的看门人，比如就业面试。基于这些发现，我们发展了一个多实习参与的社会文化理论，作为新自由主义把关导航的一个项目。
Internships are increasingly promoted as a high impact practice to improve students’ post-graduation employment outcomes, and educators often encourage students to participate in multiple internships. Yet, there is a lack of research on the sociocultural contexts associated with multiple internship participation. We present findings about the culture of multiple internship participation – drawing on focus groups and one-year follow-up interviews with students at five colleges in the United States, along with interviews with their educators and an analysis of online documents about multiple internship participation. The evidence documents a particular culture of the multiple internship economy, representing multiple internships as a linear, progressive, goal-oriented cultural project to accumulate a marketable self; also described by anthropologists as a neoliberal conception of the self. This cultural conception of a marketable neoliberal self is comprised of signs – such as narratives of multiple internships – that provide evidence of skills and experiences, of persevering through obstacles, and of ‘hustle’ and a ‘do what it takes’ attitude, which can be deployed to navigate competitive gatekeeping encounters such as employment interviews. Based on these findings, we develop a sociocultural theory of multiple internship participation as a project of neoliberal gatekeeping navigation.