Emission estimates of selected volatile organic compounds from tropical savanna burning in northern Australia
Emission estimates of selected volatile organic compounds from tropical savanna burning in northern Australia
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DOI：
10.1029/2001jd000841
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发表时间：
2003-02
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Shirai;D. Blake;S. Meinardi;F. Rowland;J. Russell-Smith;A. Edwards;Y. Kondo;M. Koike;K. Kita;T. Machida;N. Takegawa;N. Nishi;S. Kawakami;T. Ogawa
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文献类型：
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作者：
T. Shirai;D. Blake;S. Meinardi;F. Rowland;J. Russell-Smith;A. Edwards;Y. Kondo;M. Koike;K. Kita;T. Machida;N. Takegawa;N. Nishi;S. Kawakami;T. Ogawa
[1]在这里，我们提供了一系列碳基化合物的测量结果：二氧化碳（CO 2）、一氧化碳（CO）、甲烷（ch4）、非甲烷碳氢化合物（NMHCs）、甲基卤化物和二甲基硫化物（DMS），这些化合物是在澳大利亚热带稀树草原火灾中排放的，是在当地旱季后期（1999年8月28日至9月13日）进行的生物质燃烧和闪电实验（BIBLE） B阶段飞机运动的一部分。在密集火灾区域的边界层（BL）观测到短寿命NMHCs的显著增强，并表明最近的排放，其平均传输时间估计约为9小时。基于源区的BL增强，确定了20种NMHCs、3种甲基卤化物、DMS和ch4相对于CO的排放比。这些化合物大部分与CO密切相关，表明当地稀树草原来源的同质性。对稳定化合物的排放比与先前的一些热带稀树草原火灾测量结果很好地一致，但表明一些活性化合物的排放比在运输过程中衰减。根据观测到的排放比，导出了排放因子，并与以往的研究进行了比较。不同植被类型CO 2的排放因子（g种/kg干摩尔）变化不大，而CO和NMHCs的排放因子变化显著。与森林火灾相比，本研究中更高的燃烧效率和更低的甲烷排放系数与其他热带地区稀树草原火灾的结果非常吻合。利用现有卫星数据通过建模方法估算了生物质燃烧量，结果表明1999年的热带稀树草原燃烧量高于平均水平。估计了澳大利亚热带稀树草原火灾产生的微量气体的总排放量。
[i] Here we present measurements of a range of carbon-based compounds: carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH 4 ), nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), methyl halides, and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) emitted by Australian savanna fires studied as part of the Biomass Burning and Lightning Experiment (BIBLE) phase B aircraft campaign, which took place during the local late dry season (28 August to 13 September 1999). Significant enhancements of short-lived NMHCs were observed in the boundary layer (BL) over the region of intensive fires and indicate recent emissions for which the mean transport time was estimated to be about 9 hours. Emission ratios relative to CO were determined for 20 NMHCs, 3 methyl halides, DMS, and CH 4 based on the BL enhancements in the source region. Tight correlations with CO were obtained for most of those compounds, indicating the homogeneity of the local savanna source. The emission ratios were in good agreement with some previous measurements of savanna fires for stable compounds but indicated the decay of emission ratios during transport for several reactive compounds. Based on the observed emission ratios, emission factors were derived and compared to previous studies. While emission factors (g species/kg dry mole) of CO 2 varied little according to the vegetation types, those of CO and NMHCs varied significantly. Higher combustion efficiency and a lower emission factor for methane in this study, compared to forest fires, agreed well with results for savanna fires in other tropical regions. The amount of biomass burned was estimated by modeling methods using available satellite data, and showed that 1999 was an above average year for savanna burning. The gross emissions of the trace gases from Australian savanna fires were estimated.