Speech modifications in interactive speech: effects of age, sex and noise type.
Speech modifications in interactive speech: effects of age, sex and noise type.
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交互式语音中的语音修改：年龄、性别和噪音类型的影响。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2020.0398
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tuomainen O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tuomainen O
当试图在嘈杂的交流环境中保持对话时，说话者通常会修改他们的语音以使听者听懂他们的话。在本研究中，我们调查了背景干扰类型和说话者年龄对言语适应、发声努力和交际成功的影响。我们测量了114名8-80岁的被试的言语声学(清晰度、中频能量、基频)、发声努力(中频能量与基频的相关性)和任务完成时间，这些受试者在良好和嘈杂的听力条件下(安静、非言语噪声、背景语音)执行交互式问题解决任务。我们发现非语音噪声的基频和中频能量比背景语音的变化更大，清晰度也有类似的降低。然而，年龄较大的参与者(50岁以上)在两种背景干扰类型中都增加了发声努力，而年龄较小的儿童(13岁以下)只在背景语音中增加了发声努力。背景干扰的存在不会导致较长的任务完成时间。这些结果表明，当背景干扰涉及到较高的认知负荷时，就像其他说话者的其他言语一样，儿童和年长的说话者需要付出更多的发声努力来确保成功的交际。本文是《声音调制：从起源和机制到社会影响(第二部分)》主题的一部分。
When attempting to maintain conversations in noisy communicative settings, talkers typically modify their speech to make themselves understood by the listener. In this study, we investigated the impact of background interference type and talker age on speech adaptations, vocal effort and communicative success. We measured speech acoustics (articulation rate, mid-frequency energy, fundamental frequency), vocal effort (correlation between mid-frequency energy and fundamental frequency) and task completion time in 114 participants aged 8–80 years carrying out an interactive problem-solving task in good and noisy listening conditions (quiet, non-speech noise, background speech). We found greater changes in fundamental frequency and mid-frequency energy in non-speech noise than in background speech and similar reductions in articulation rate in both. However, older participants (50+ years) increased vocal effort in both background interference types, whereas younger children (less than 13 years) increased vocal effort only in background speech. The presence of background interference did not lead to longer task completion times. These results suggest that when the background interference involves a higher cognitive load, as in the case of other speech of other talkers, children and older talkers need to exert more vocal effort to ensure successful communication. We discuss these findings within the communication effort framework.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Voice modulation: from origin and mechanism to social impact (Part II)’.