Porcine Cartilage Model for Simulation of Nasal Tip Aesthetics and Mechanics
Porcine Cartilage Model for Simulation of Nasal Tip Aesthetics and Mechanics
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DOI：
10.1177/1090820x11411581
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Wong, Brian J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chark, Davin;Oliaei, Sepehr;Wong, Brian J.
背景：人鼻的美学高度依赖于下外侧软骨（LLC）的复杂结构。了解LLC的最佳形状和机械性能是实现满意的结果在鼻尖rhinoplasty.Objective：作者介绍了一种体外动物模型，以复制人类鼻腔LLC的形状和力学作为研究和外科教育的工具。根据作者的人体尸体研究，以可复制的方式采集鼻软骨，并将其塑造成适当的形状和尺寸。缝线被放置到接近的软骨对到适当的人体anatomical position.Results：猪软骨模型复制类似的结构，包括内侧脚和外侧脚，具有适当的头部方向和圆顶角。内侧脚、中间脚和外侧脚的前后尺寸分别为4 mm、6 mm和10 mm。整个样本的软骨厚度约为1 mm。外侧脚的头部方向被雕刻成45度。平均发散角为54度，并根据猪鼻穹隆的生理形状而变化（范围，43-74）。平均穹隆间距为13.3 mm（范围，9-18 mm），平均穹隆宽度为6.2 mm（范围，5-7 mm）。此模型可作为一个有价值的教育资源，培训新手外科医生的原则，鼻尖鼻整形术。此外，我们的结构在研究LLC几何和力学方面具有广泛的应用。
Background: The aesthetics of the human nose is highly dependent on the complex structure of the lower lateral cartilages (LLC). Understanding optimum shape and mechanical properties of the LLC is pivotal to achieving satisfactory results in nasal tip rhinoplasty.Objective: The authors introduce an ex vivo animal model to replicate the shape and mechanics of human nasal LLC as a tool for research and surgical education.Methods: Seven fresh pig heads were obtained from a local butcher shop. Nasal cartilage was harvested in a replicable manner and fashioned into appropriate shapes and dimensions based on the authors' human cadaver studies. Sutures were placed to approximate the cartilage pairs into appropriate human anatomical position.Results: The porcine cartilage model replicated analogous structures, including the medial crura and the lateral crura, with appropriate cephalic orientation and domal angles. The anterior-posterior dimensions of the medial crura, intermediate crura, and lateral crura were 4 mm, 6 mm, and 10 mm, respectively. Cartilage thickness was approximately 1 mm throughout the specimen. Cephalic orientation of the lateral crura was sculpted to 45 degrees. The average angle of divergence was 54 degrees and varied according to the physiological shape of the porcine nasal vault (range, 43-74). Average interdomal distance was 13.3 mm (range, 9-18 mm), and average domal width was 6.2 mm (range, 5-7 mm).Conclusions: This novel porcine model mimics human LLC and is inexpensive, easy to construct, and highly replicable. This model can be used as a valuable educational resource for training novice surgeons in the principles of nasal tip rhinoplasty. Additionally, our construct has broad applications in studying LLC geometry and mechanics.