Mechanisms of central tolerance for B cells.

Mechanisms of central tolerance for B cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/nri.2017.19
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发表时间:
2017-05
期刊:
Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Nemazee D
Nemazee D
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nemazee D

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免疫耐受阻碍了淋巴细胞对宿主组织的潜在破坏性反应。耐受性在未成熟B细胞发育阶段(中枢耐受性)通过克隆缺失(涉及细胞凋亡)和受体编辑(其通过抗体基因的二次重组重新编程B细胞的特异性)来调节。最近的机制研究已经开始阐明这些不同的机制是如何控制的。单细胞抗体克隆技术揭示了自身免疫性疾病和几种由单基因突变引起的免疫缺陷性疾病中B细胞中枢耐受的缺陷,提示了B细胞耐受与疾病的相关性,并提示了调节耐受的可能遗传途径。
Immune tolerance hinders the potentially destructive responses of lymphocytes to host tissues. Tolerance is regulated at the stage of immature B cell development (central tolerance) by clonal deletion, involving apoptosis, and by receptor editing, which reprogrammes the specificity of B cells through secondary recombination of antibody genes. Recent mechanistic studies have begun to elucidate how these divergent mechanisms are controlled. Single-cell antibody cloning has revealed defects of B cell central tolerance in human autoimmune diseases and in several human immunodeficiency diseases caused by single gene mutations, which indicates the relevance of B cell tolerance to disease and suggests possible genetic pathways that regulate tolerance.
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