EFFECTS OF DRINKING ON THIRST AND VASOPRESSIN IN DEHYDRATED ELDERLY MEN
EFFECTS OF DRINKING ON THIRST AND VASOPRESSIN IN DEHYDRATED ELDERLY MEN
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1993.264.5.r877
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发表时间：
1993-05-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
GRAY, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PHILLIPS, PA;BRETHERTON, M;GRAY, L
抑制脱水诱导的精氨酸加压素（AVP）分泌和口渴依赖于去除渗透压和血液动力学刺激，以及对preabsorbent口咽因子，减少口渴和AVP分泌的饮用水校正前的水赤字。血浆心钠素（ANP）水平也可能随着饮酒而改变。因此，在10名健康老年人（64-76岁）和年轻人（20-32岁）24小时禁水的口渴和血浆对口服水负荷（10 ml/kg）的反应进行了研究。禁水24 h后，两组血浆钠、渗透压和AVP均升高（P < 0.001）。两组血浆ANP水平在脱水后均下降（P < 0.05），但老年组始终高于老年组（P < 0.05）。然而，尽管两组的口渴感都增加了（P < 0.05），但老年人的口渴感明显减少（P < 0.05）。水负荷后，两组的口渴感在整个研究期间都有所减少（P < 0.05）。然而，血浆AVP立即下降后，只在年轻组饮用，15分钟后上升到postdeprivation水平。血浆AVP是没有不同的postdeprivation在整个老年组和15分钟后，在年轻组大概是因为水负荷不足以取代他们的水赤字。仅青年组在饮酒后3 min血浆ANP升高至剥夺后水平的182 ± 43%（P < 0.05）。这些结果表明，健康老年男性饮酒后，口咽部AVP分泌抑制减少，但口渴抑制持续。
Inhibition of dehydration-induced arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion and thirst depends on removal of osmotic and hemodynamic stimuli as well as on preabsorptive oropharyngeal factors that reduce thirst and AVP secretion on drinking before correction of the water deficits. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels may also change with drinking. Therefore, the thirst and plasma responses to oral water loads (10 ml/kg) in 10 healthy old (64-76 yr) and young (20-32 yr) 24-h water-deprived men were investigated. After 24-h water deprivation plasma sodium, osmolality, and AVP were increased similarly in both groups (P < 0.001). Plasma ANP levels fell after dehydration similarly in both groups (P < 0.05) but were always higher in the older group (P < 0.05). However, although thirst increased in both groups (P < 0.05), this was significantly less in the elderly (P < 0.05). After the water load, thirst was reduced in both groups throughout the study (P < 0.05). However, plasma AVP fell immediately after drinking only in the young group and rose to postdeprivation levels after 15 min. Plasma AVP was not different from postdeprivation throughout in the old group and after 15 min in the young group presumably because the water load was insufficient to replace their water deficits. In the young group only, plasma ANP rose to 182 +/- 43% of postdeprivation levels at 3 min after drinking (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate reduced oropharyngeal inhibition of AVP secretion after drinking in healthy elderly men but maintained inhibition of thirst.