Habitat structure and community dynamics in marine benthic systems
Habitat structure and community dynamics in marine benthic systems
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海洋底栖系统的栖息地结构和群落动态
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Sebens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Sebens
海洋底栖动物和植物依靠其基质附着在表面或沉积物内，并获得猎物和营养源。在固着物种的情况下，二维表面是许多物种的个体和群体潜在竞争的主要资源。然而，底层并不像人们想象的那样简单。即使是坚固的岩石表面通常也会被小到大的裂缝所分割，彼此之间以及水流方向不同，并且通常由不同的岩石类型组成。软基质可以是极其多样的，由颗粒大小和化学成分不同的有机和无机材料组成。这些物质通过居民自己的活动进一步改变，增加有机物质，聚集颗粒，有时改变基层的性质，以至于其他物种可以完全排除在外。在坚硬的基质上，生物效应也可能极其重要。这些措施包括通过生长过程和碳酸钙沉积提供次级基质，以及增加影响水流的地形，从而影响资源和繁殖体在群落内的运输。
Animals and plants of the marine benthos depend on their substrata for attachment, on surfaces or within sediments, and for access to a source of prey and nutrients. In the case of sessile species, the two-dimensional surface is a primary resource for which individuals and colonies of many species potentially compete. However, substratum is not as simple a resource as one might expect. Even solid rock surfaces are usually dissected by small to large crevices, have different orientations with respect to each other and to water flow, and are often made of varied rock types. Soft substrata can be extremely diverse, consisting of both organic and inorganic materials differing in grain sizes and in chemical composition. These materials are further modified through the activities of the residents themselves, adding organic material, aggregating particles and sometimes changing the nature of the substratum so much that other species can be totally excluded. On hard substrata, biogenic effects can also be extremely important. These include the provision of secondary substratum through growth processes and calcium carbonate deposition, and the addition of physical relief that affects water flow and thus the transport of resources and propagules within the community.