HYDROLOGIC BUDGET FOR A FRESHWATER MARSH IN FLORIDA
HYDROLOGIC BUDGET FOR A FRESHWATER MARSH IN FLORIDA
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-1688.1996.tb03430.x
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发表时间：
1996-02
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
B. Rushton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Rushton
摘要：精确的水平衡计算对于水资源和环境管理决策至关重要，但该等式中使用的许多项都难以测量。在这项研究中，描述了一种测量佛罗里达州西南部一个淡水沼泽的蒸散量和净渗漏率的方法。将结果与蒸发皿估算值以及对水文收支中所有项进行平衡的计算结果进行了比较。所测量的蒸散率呈现出明显的季节趋势，从1992年7月平均高达0.24英寸/天到1993年1月的0.06英寸/天。在7月和8月，蒸散率高于A级蒸发皿的测量值，这表明植物的蒸腾作用超过了蒸发皿的蒸发量。除了在地下水位较高的时期外，地下水净渗漏是从沼泽流出的。当对水文收支中的所有项进行评估时，该等式在年度基础上平衡，误差为2%，在季节基础上误差小于7%，但在月度基础上误差高达30%。沼泽的年总降雨量占沼泽水文总输入量的45%，大约等于41%的蒸散损失量。
ABSTRACT: Accurate water balance calculations are essential for water resource and environmental management decisions, but many of the terms used in the equation are difficult to measure. In this study, a method for measuring rates of evapotranspiration and net seepage from a freshwater marsh in southwest Florida is described. The results are compared to evaporation pan estimates as well as to calculations that balanced all the terms in the hydrologic budget. The measured rates of evapotranspiration showed a. distinct seasonal trend ranging from an average high of 0.24 in/d during July 1992 to a low of 0.06 in/d in January 1993. Evapotranspiration rates were higher than Class A evaporation pan measurements during July and August, indicating transpiration by plants exceeded evaporation by pans. Net ground water seepage flowed out of the marsh except during periods of high water table conditions. When all terms in the hydrologic budget were evaluated, the equation balanced on a yearly basis with an error of 2 percent, on a seasonal basis with errors less than 7 percent, but on a monthly basis errors were as great as 30 percent. Total annual rainfall on the marsh was 45 percent of the total marsh hydrologic input and was approximately equal to the loss by evapotranspiration of 41 percent.