Use of stimulants to treat cocaine and methamphetamine abuse.
Use of stimulants to treat cocaine and methamphetamine abuse.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11920-008-0062-x
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发表时间：
2008-10
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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使用兴奋剂治疗可卡因和甲基苯丙胺依赖的概念在很大程度上是基于“替代”治疗模式，该模式已显示出治疗尼古丁和阿片类药物依赖的有效性。尽管结果好坏参半，但一些证据支持使用兴奋剂药物来减少可卡因的使用。迄今为止还没有足够的数据来确定兴奋剂对甲基苯丙胺依赖的疗效。兴奋剂作为治疗方法的缺点包括滥用治疗的可能性，这就需要对患者进行仔细的筛选和监测。兴奋剂有效的可能原因包括增强因长期使用可卡因或甲基苯丙胺而失调的单胺功能。新的药物可以增强多巴胺的功能，但不像旧的兴奋剂那样有滥用的可能，目前正在研究中。希望这些药物将为可卡因和甲基苯丙胺依赖提供安全、有效的治疗，但需要对这一主题进行更多的研究。
The concept of using stimulants to treat cocaine and methamphetamine dependence is largely based on the “replacement” therapy model that has shown efficacy for treating nicotine and opiate dependence. Although results have been mixed, some evidence supports using stimulant medication to reduce cocaine use. There are not enough data to date to determine the efficacy of stimulants for methamphetamine dependence. Draw-backs of stimulants as treatments include the potential for abuse of the treatment, which necessitates careful screening and monitoring of patients. Possible reasons for efficacy of stimulants include enhancement of monoamine function dysregulated by chronic cocaine or methamphetamine use. Newer medications that enhance dopamine function but lack the abuse potential of older stimulants are being studied. It is hoped that these medications will provide safe, effective treatment for cocaine and methamphetamine dependence, but more research on this topic is needed.