Molecular determinants of caste differentiation in the highly eusocial honeybee Apis mellifera.
Molecular determinants of caste differentiation in the highly eusocial honeybee Apis mellifera.
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高度社会性蜜蜂意大利蜜蜂种姓分化的分子决定因素。
DOI：
10.1186/1471-213x-7-70
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发表时间：
2007-06-18
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maleszka R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barchuk AR;Cristino AS;Kucharski R;Costa LF;Simões ZL;Maleszka R
在蜜蜂中，雌性幼虫的差异喂养促进了两种不同表型的发生，一个女王和一个工人，从相同的基因型，通过增量改变，影响一般的增长，和性格状态的改变，导致特定结构的存在或不存在。虽然先前的研究揭示了生理代谢基因的增量改变和差异表达之间的联系，但伴随性格状态改变的分子变化仍然未知。通过对6,000多个意大利蜜蜂EST序列的cDNA微阵列分析，我们发现了240个发育中的蜂王和工蜂之间的差异表达基因。许多在未来的工人中被记录为上调的基因似乎是A所独有的。这表明工蜂的发育途径涉及新基因的参与。工蚁比蚁后上调更多的发育基因，而蚁后上调更大比例的生理代谢基因，包括编码代谢酶的基因和已知其产物调节质量转化过程的速率和生物体的一般生长的基因（例如，tor）。许多DEG可能参与了有利于种姓偏见结构（如大脑，腿和卵巢）发育的过程，以及编码细胞骨架成分的基因。用保幼激素（JH）处理发育中的工蜂幼虫，发现了52个JH反应基因，特别是在种姓发育的关键时期。使用吉布斯抽样和期望最大化算法，我们发现了8个过度代表顺式元件从四个基因组。图论和复杂网络的概念被采用，以获得强大的图形表示的顺式元件和基因之间的相互关系，并客观地量化这些实体之间的关系的程度。我们认为，集群的功能相关的DEG的共同调节在蜜蜂的种姓发展。这种相互作用的网络在早期幼虫阶段由营养驱动的刺激激活。我们的数据是一致的假设，即JH是一个关键组成部分的发展决定女王般的字符。最后，我们提出了一个种姓分化的概念模型。基于基因调控网络的意大利蜜蜂。
In honeybees, differential feeding of female larvae promotes the occurrence of two different phenotypes, a queen and a worker, from identical genotypes, through incremental alterations, which affect general growth, and character state alterations that result in the presence or absence of specific structures. Although previous studies revealed a link between incremental alterations and differential expression of physiometabolic genes, the molecular changes accompanying character state alterations remain unknown. By using cDNA microarray analyses of >6,000 Apis mellifera ESTs, we found 240 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between developing queens and workers. Many genes recorded as up-regulated in prospective workers appear to be unique to A. mellifera, suggesting that the workers' developmental pathway involves the participation of novel genes. Workers up-regulate more developmental genes than queens, whereas queens up-regulate a greater proportion of physiometabolic genes, including genes coding for metabolic enzymes and genes whose products are known to regulate the rate of mass-transforming processes and the general growth of the organism (e.g., tor). Many DEGs are likely to be involved in processes favoring the development of caste-biased structures, like brain, legs and ovaries, as well as genes that code for cytoskeleton constituents. Treatment of developing worker larvae with juvenile hormone (JH) revealed 52 JH responsive genes, specifically during the critical period of caste development. Using Gibbs sampling and Expectation Maximization algorithms, we discovered eight overrepresented cis-elements from four gene groups. Graph theory and complex networks concepts were adopted to attain powerful graphical representations of the interrelation between cis-elements and genes and objectively quantify the degree of relationship between these entities. We suggest that clusters of functionally related DEGs are co-regulated during caste development in honeybees. This network of interactions is activated by nutrition-driven stimuli in early larval stages. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that JH is a key component of the developmental determination of queen-like characters. Finally, we propose a conceptual model of caste differentiation in A. mellifera based on gene-regulatory networks.