Increasing self-regulatory strength can reduce the depleting effect of suppressing stereotypes
Increasing self-regulatory strength can reduce the depleting effect of suppressing stereotypes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0146167206296101
复制
发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Baumeister, Roy F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gailliot, Matthew T.;Plant, E. Ashby;Baumeister, Roy F.
三项纵向研究和一项相关研究验证了这一假设，即通过定期的自我调节练习来增加自我调节能力将降低抑制刻板印象的心理成本。参与者在描述刺激者或与刺激者交谈时，试图避免使用刻板印象。抑制刻板印象的习惯性动机低的被试在抑制任务后表现出Stroop和字谜的表现受损，可能是由于自我调节耗竭(即在先前使用后自我调节强度降低)。两周的自我调节练习(如使用非优势的手或克制不咒骂)消除了这种影响。这些发现表明，自我调节练习可以提高对自我调节耗竭的抵抗力，因此，人们可以抑制刻板印象，而不会遭受随后的任务绩效下降。
Three longitudinal studies and one correlational study tested the hypothesis that increasing self-regulatory strength by regular self-regulatory exercise would reduce the intrapsycbic costs of suppressing stereotypes. Participants tried to resist using stereotypes while describing or talking to a stimulus person. Participants whose habitual motivation to suppress stereotypes was low exhibited impaired Stroop and anagram performance after the suppression task, presumably because of self-regulatory depletion (i.e., a reduction of self-regulatory strength following prior use). Two weeks of self-regulation exercises (such as using one's nondominant hand or refraining from cursing) eliminated this effect. These findings indicate that self-regulatory exercise can improve resistance to self-regulatory depletion and, consequently, people can suppress stereotypes without suffering subsequent decrements in task performance.