Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Mediated Clearance of Human Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Mediated Clearance of Human Hepatitis C Virus Infection.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.chom.2018.10.012
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发表时间:
2018-11-14
影响因子:
30.3
通讯作者:
Bailey JR
Bailey JR
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kinchen VJ;Zahid MN;Flyak AI;Soliman MG;Learn GH;Wang S;Davidson E;Doranz BJ;Ray SC;Cox AL;Crowe JE Jr;Bjorkman PJ;Shaw GM;Bailey JR

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广泛中和抗体 (bNAb) 在人丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染自然清除中的作用及其潜在机制仍不清楚。在这里,我们研究了从两名自发清除 HCV 感染的人中分离出来的 bNAb 有助于 HCV 控制的机制。使用从两名受试者的纵向血浆中扩增的病毒基因序列,我们发现这些靶向 HCV 包膜蛋白 E2 前层的 bNAb 可以中和大多数自体 HCV 毒株。一些自体菌株获得对 bNAb 的抗性伴随着 E2 蛋白功能的逐渐丧失,并且暂时与 HCV 清除相关。这些数据表明,bNAb 可以通过中和感染菌株并将逃逸的病毒驱至不适宜状态来介导人类 HCV 感染的清除。这些免疫病理学事件将 HCV 与 HIV-1 区分开来,并表明 HCV 疫苗的开发是可以实现的。金钦等人。证明从自发清除 HCV 感染的人中分离出的抗体可以阻断许多不同的 HCV 毒株。进化出对这些抗体的抗性的病毒失去了复制能力,这表明抗体对于丙型肝炎病毒的清除很重要,并且丙型肝炎病毒疫苗是可以实现的。
The role that broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) play in natural clearance of human hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we investigate the mechanism by which bNAbs, isolated from two humans who spontaneously cleared HCV infection, contribute to HCV control. Using viral gene sequences amplified from longitudinal plasma of the two subjects, we found that these bNAbs, which target the front layer of the HCV envelope protein E2, neutralized most autologous HCV strains. Acquisition of resistance to bNAbs by some autologous strains was accompanied by progressive loss of E2 protein function, and temporally associated with HCV clearance. These data demonstrate that bNAbs can mediate clearance of human HCV infection by neutralizing infecting strains and driving escaped viruses to an unfit state. These immunopathologic events distinguish HCV from HIV-1 and suggest that development of an HCV vaccine may be achievable. Kinchen et al. demonstrate that antibodies isolated from humans who spontaneously cleared HCV infection blocked many different HCV strains. Viruses that evolved resistance to these antibodies lost the ability to replicate, suggesting that antibodies are important for HCV clearance, and an HCV vaccine may be attainable.
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