UNIFORM SELECTION AS A DIVERSIFYING FORCE IN EVOLUTION - EVIDENCE FROM DROSOPHILA
UNIFORM SELECTION AS A DIVERSIFYING FORCE IN EVOLUTION - EVIDENCE FROM DROSOPHILA
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DOI：
10.1086/285000
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发表时间：
1989-10-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
HOFFMANN, AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
COHAN, FM;HOFFMANN, AA
我们研究了均匀定向选择是否会增强同种种群之间和兄弟种之间的遗传分化。选择增加敲除抗乙醇的果蝇对两对兄弟物种：五个种群的果蝇。melanogaster和一个同胞D. simulans和D. pseudobscura和D. Persimilis。选择后，测量品系的所选性状和可能与所选表型相关的其他性状。选择增强了D.所选性状和与所选表型潜在相关的其它性状的黑腹种群。选择增强了D.黑腹果蝇种群对所选性状和其他几个性状的选择反应表现出相关性，但在黑腹果蝇种群间存在差异。pseudobscura种群不受选择的影响。选择增加了D. simulans和D.黑腹果蝇对所选性状的遗传多样性大于其对D.黑腹种群然而，D.黑腹果蝇D.相似的相关反应，选择并没有增加这些物种之间相关性状的差异。D. persimilis和D.选择不改变所选性状及相关性状的拟暗带。这些结果表明，同种种群不一定成为遗传或表型相似的选择的结果，也是潜在的遗传分化均匀选择下并不一定表现出量子的物种形成的结果增加。研究结果还表明，遗传协方差矩阵在进化过程中可能不是恒定的。
We have examined whether uniform directional selection enhances genetic divergence among conspecific populations and between sibling species. Selection for increased knockdown resistance to ethanol was imposed on two pairs of sibling species Drosophila: five populations of D. melanogaster and one population of sibling D. simulans; and five populations of D. pseudoobscura and one population of D. persimilis. After selection, lines were measured for the selected character and for other characters potentially associated with the selected phenotype. Selection enhanced divergence among D. melanogaster populations for the selected character and for other characters potentially associated with the selected phenotype. Selection enhanced divergence among D. melanogaster populations for the selected character and several other characters showing a correlated response to selection, but divergence among D. pseudoobscura populations was not affected by selection. Selection increased the divergence between D. simulans and D. melanogaster for the selected character more than it increased the divergence among D. melanogaster populations. However, D. melanogaster and D. simulans showed similar correlated responses, and differences between these species for the correlated characters were not increased by selection. Divergence between D. persimilis and D. pseudoobscura for the selected character and correlated characters was not altered by selection. These results suggest that conspecific populations do not necessarily become genetically or phenotypically similar as a consequence of selection and also that the potential for genetic divergence under uniform selection does not necessarily show a quantum increase as a result of speciation. The results also imply that genetic-covariance matrices may not be constant during evolution.