Application of merged 1-m and 4-m resolution satellite data to research and management in tropical forests
Application of merged 1-m and 4-m resolution satellite data to research and management in tropical forests
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00814.x
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发表时间：
2003-06
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Jane M. Read;D. Clark;E. Venticinque;Marcelo P. Moreira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jane M. Read;D. Clark;E. Venticinque;Marcelo P. Moreira
摘要1.直到最近，还没有来自卫星的数字数据来研究在大范围(100-10万公顷)范围内发生的10-1000平方米的事件。许多生态学家感兴趣的现象，如选择性采伐对森林过程的影响，在很大范围内但在局部范围内发生。在这里，我们报告了一个试点项目的结果，该项目通过目测解译来评估来自IKONOS卫星的新获得的1米全色和4米多光谱数据的潜力，以研究原木和老树热带潮湿森林的森林结构、动态和采伐影响。2.研究区域是位于巴西亚马孙伊塔科亚拉附近的珍贵森林亚马逊的Mil Madeireira Italoatiara Ltd.遗址，采用减少影响的采伐做法进行管理，以尽量减少对环境的影响，因此是热带雨林采伐影响的下限。3.使用未经校正的全球定位系统(GPS)位置对IKONOS图像进行了地理参考，对10棵对照树的树冠在图像中清晰可见。几何变换的均方根误差(RMSE)为4m，而随机选择的50棵老树的平均冠径为9.4m，RMSE不到平均冠径的一半，这意味着在GPS定位足够准确的情况下，通常可以从图像上明显的地面树冠定位。4.Ikonos数据非常适合于评估和监测伐木影响。在图像中可以清楚地看到伐木的许多影响，包括主干道和一些次要道路，伐木庭院和更大的伐木间隙。较小的采掘道路和伐木间隙看不到。5.许多单株树木在IKONOS图像上清晰可见，这表明现在可以根据重复的卫星观测对热带雨林树冠树木进行人口学研究。将这些遥感数据与地面数据联系起来将需要改进GPS位置，因为目前很难在热带雨林下层获得准确的GPS读数。6.合成及应用。Ikonos 1-m和4-m数据被发现有助于确定亚马逊中部热带潮湿森林中的个别树木和一些伐木管理特征。这些数据将在研究和管理中间和老热带森林方面有许多应用，包括规划和评估采伐活动，以及监测对认证标准的遵守情况，例如森林管理委员会的标准。这些项目的快速发展
Summary 1. Until very recently there have been no digital data from satellites for studying events that occur at scales of 10‐1000 m 2 over large areas (100‐100 000 ha). Many phenomena of interest to ecologists, such as impacts of selective logging on forest processes, occur over large extents but at local scales. Here we report results from a pilot project to evaluate through visual interpretation the potential of newly available 1-m panchromatic and 4-m multi-spectral data from the IKONOS satellite, for studying forest structure, dynamics and logging impacts in logged and old-growth tropical moist forest. 2. The study area, the Mil Madeireira Itacoatiara Ltda site of Precious Woods Amazon, near Itacoatiara, Amazonas, Brazil, is managed using reduced-impact logging practices to minimize environmental impacts, and thus represents a lower bound for logging impacts in tropical rain forests. 3. The IKONOS image was georeferenced using uncorrected global positioning system (GPS) locations for 10 control trees whose crowns were clearly visible in the image. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the geometric transformation was 4 m, while the mean crown diameter of 50 randomly chosen trees in old-growth forest was 9·4 m. The fact that the RMSE was less than half the average crown diameter implies that it will usually be possible to locate from the ground crowns that are distinct on the image, given sufficiently accurate GPS locations. 4. IKONOS data are well suited for evaluating and monitoring logging impacts. Many impacts of logging were clearly observable in the image, including major and some minor roads, logging patios and larger logging gaps. Smaller extraction roads and logging gaps were not observable. 5. Many individual trees were distinct on the IKONOS image, indicating that it is now feasible to conduct demographic studies of tropical rain forest canopy trees based on repeated satellite observations. Linking these remotely sensed data to ground data will require improved GPS positions, because it is currently difficult to obtain accurate GPS readings in tropical rain forest understoreys. 6. Synthesis and applications. IKONOS 1-m and 4-m data were found to be useful for identifying individual trees as well as some logging management features in a tropical moist forest in central Amazonia. These data will have many applications for research and management of intervened and old-growth tropical forests, including planning and assessment of logging activities, as well as monitoring adherence to certification criteria such as those of the Forest Stewardship Council. Rapid development of these