Wheat plant selection for high yields entailed improvement of leaf anatomical and biochemical traits including tolerance to non-optimal temperature conditions
Wheat plant selection for high yields entailed improvement of leaf anatomical and biochemical traits including tolerance to non-optimal temperature conditions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11120-018-0486-z
复制
发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Allakhverdiev, Suleyman I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brestic, Marian;Zivcak, Marek;Allakhverdiev, Suleyman I.
对小麦现代基因型（MG）和地方品种（LR）的光合特性和耐温性进行了研究。以及野生近缘种（Aegilops cylindrica Host.）。比较的基础上测量的气体交换（A/C（i），光和温度响应曲线），慢和快叶绿素荧光动力学，和一些生长和叶片参数。在MG中，我们观察到最高的CO2同化速率电子传递速率（J（max））和最大羧化速率。山羊草叶片的所有光合参数的值大大降低，这一事实与其较低的生物量生产。山羊草属和MG的叶肉导度几乎相同，尽管叶片表型存在显著差异。与此相反，在LR与较高的干物质单位叶面积，半叶肉导度（g（m））值表示更有限的CO2扩散。在山羊草中，我们发现羧化能力低得多，这主要是由于薄叶和较低的Rubisco活性。MG与其他品种之间的CO2同化率差异较小，这是因为MG的线粒体呼吸活性较高，说明代谢较强。对温度响应的评估表明，最适温度较低，生态价较窄（即，决定物种对环境因子的耐受极限的范围）。此外，光合热稳定性分析确定LR为最敏感的。我们的研究结果支持这样的想法，即高产的选择是伴随着光合生产力的增加，通过无意中改善叶片解剖和生化性状，包括耐受非最佳温度条件。
Assessment of photosynthetic traits and temperature tolerance was performed on field-grown modern genotype (MG), and the local landrace (LR) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as well as the wild relative species (Aegilops cylindrica Host.). The comparison was based on measurements of the gas exchange (A/c (i), light and temperature response curves), slow and fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, and some growth and leaf parameters. In MG, we observed the highest CO2 assimilation rate electron transport rate (J (max)) and maximum carboxylation rate . The Aegilops leaves had substantially lower values of all photosynthetic parameters; this fact correlated with its lower biomass production. The mesophyll conductance was almost the same in Aegilops and MG, despite the significant differences in leaf phenotype. In contrary, in LR with a higher dry mass per leaf area, the half mesophyll conductance (g (m)) values indicated more limited CO2 diffusion. In Aegilops, we found much lower carboxylation capacity; this can be attributed mainly to thin leaves and lower Rubisco activity. The difference in CO2 assimilation rate between MG and others was diminished because of its higher mitochondrial respiration activity indicating more intense metabolism. Assessment of temperature response showed lower temperature optimum and a narrow ecological valence (i.e., the range determining the tolerance limits of a species to an environmental factor) in Aegilops. In addition, analysis of photosynthetic thermostability identified the LR as the most sensitive. Our results support the idea that the selection for high yields was accompanied by the increase of photosynthetic productivity through unintentional improvement of leaf anatomical and biochemical traits including tolerance to non-optimal temperature conditions.