The relationship among TSP, PM(10), PM(2.5), and inorganic constituents of atmospheric particulate matter at multiple Canadian locations
The relationship among TSP, PM(10), PM(2.5), and inorganic constituents of atmospheric particulate matter at multiple Canadian locations
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DOI：
10.1080/10473289.1997.10464407
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Burnett, RT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brook, JR;Dann, TF;Burnett, RT
加拿大国家空气污染监测网建立了世界上最大的、地理分布更广的高质量大气颗粒物测量数据库之一。加拿大19个地点的数据最多为10年，最少为2年。这些数据被用来调查TSP，PM（10），PM（2.5），SO 42-，和其他无机离子和元素在各种城市和农村的位置的同位测量之间的关系。在所有地点和所有24小时测量中，第10和第90百分位TSP浓度分别为22和98 μ g m（-3）。大多数PM（10）浓度低于47 μ g m（-3），加拿大各地大多数PM（2.5）浓度低于26 μ g m（-3）（90年代）。平均而言，在所有站点中，PM（10）占PM（10）的49%，PM（10）占TSP的44%。然而，不同地点之间存在相当大的差异，PM（2.5）与PM（10）的平均比率从0.36到0.65不等。该比值在不同测量值之间也有很大差异，但在大多数研究中心，大多数（>50%）比值在中位数的+/-10%范围内。PM，浓度从夏季到冬季有增加的趋势，但在东部的一些地点，特别是农村地区，硫酸盐是一个重要的组成部分。发现粗颗粒（2.5 μ m <直径< 10 μ m）表现出相反的季节模式。颗粒水平最高的高密度交通站点在蒙特利尔，魁北克不包括这个网站，这是受当地来源，颗粒水平往往是最高的西南部安大略。根据不同的地点，只有约37%至61%的PM，可以解释给定的几种无机离子和元素的测量浓度。许多无法解释的部分被认为是碳质的，主要是有机的性质。由于地壳物质占主导地位，大部分粗颗粒质量（约70%）是由无机成分解释的。
The Canadian NAPS (National Air Pollution Surveillance) network has produced one of the largest and more geographically diverse databases of high quality atmospheric particle measurements in the world. A maximum of ten and a minimum of two years of data are available for 19 Canadian locations. These data were used to investigate relationships between collocated measurements of TSP, PM(10), PM(2.5), SO42-, and other inorganic ions and elements at a variety of urban and rural locations. Amongst all locations and all 24-hour measurements, the 10th and 90th percentile TSP concentrations were 22 and 98 mu g m(-3), respectively. A majority of the PM(10) concentrations were below 47 mu g m(-3) and most of the PM(2.5) concentrations across Canada were below 26 mu g m(-3) (90th percentiles). On average across all sites, PM(10) accounted for 49% of the PM(10), and PM(10) accounted for 44% of the TSP. However, there was considerable variability among sites, with the mean PM(2.5) to PM(10) ratio ranging from 0.36 to 0.65. This ratio also varied substantially from measurement to measurement, but at most sites a majority (>50%) of the ratios were within +/-10% of the median value. PM,, concentrations tended to increase from summer to winter except at some of the eastern sites, particularly the rural locations, where sulfate was an important constituent. Coarse particles (2.5 mu m < diameter < 10 mu m) were found to exhibit the opposite seasonal pattern. Particle levels were highest at a high-density traffic site in Montreal, Quebec Excluding this site, which was influenced by local sources, the particle levels tended to be highest in southwestern Ontario. Depending upon site, only about 37% to 61% of the PM,, could be explained given the measured concentrations of several inorganic ions and elements. Much of the unexplained portions are assumed to be carbonaceous and predominantly organic in nature. Due to the predominance of crustal material, a greater portion of the coarse particle mass (similar to 70%) was explained by the inorganic constituents.