Letter to the Editor in response to "The cost of resilience: How allostatic load may jeopardize health through repeated demands for (successful) adaptation" by Trudel-Fitzgerald and Ouellet-Morin.
Letter to the Editor in response to "The cost of resilience: How allostatic load may jeopardize health through repeated demands for (successful) adaptation" by Trudel-Fitzgerald and Ouellet-Morin.
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致编辑的一封信，回应 Trudel-Fitzgerald 和 Ouellet-Morin 撰写的“恢复力的成本：通过反复要求（成功的）适应，非稳态负荷可能会危害健康”。
DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105891
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Evans,GaryW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Doan,StaceyN;deFrance,Kalee;Brody,Gene;Evans,GaryW
我们感谢评论者对我们的论文 (De France, Evans, Brody & Doan, 2022) 进行深思熟虑的反思和见解 (Trudel-Fitzgerald & Ouellet-Morin, 2022)。一些在不利环境中成长的年轻人表现出非凡的韧性（Masten，2014）。越来越多的研究表明，自我调节和相关过程，包括转变和坚持（Chen, Miller, Lachman, Gruenewald & Seeman, 2012）、毅力和毅力（Duckworth and Gross, 2014）是在逆境中成功适应的基石。这些自我调节能力促进高度努力应对和坚定不移地坚持实现自己的目标，并与一系列积极成果相关，包括就业、心理调整和积极的健康行为（Robson、Allen & Howard，2020）。然而，与此同时，最近的工作对复原力的概念提出了问题，并支持了 Luthar 及其同事（1993）的主张，即复原力是多方面的。特别是，某一领域的能力可能会损害其他领域的能力。心理（Wang & Peck, 2013）、社会（Fuller-Rowell & Doan, 2010）以及身体健康成本——以稳态负荷（Brody et al., 2013）和细胞衰老（Miller et al., 2015）为索引——都与复原力相关。这些应对复原力的成本可能会延续健康方面的社会经济和种族差异。我们非常同意评论者的观点，即这项工作才刚刚兴起，我们对个体差异知之甚少。谁最容易受到这些成本的影响？哪些发育时期可能是最关键的？家庭过程如何加剧或减轻这些过程（例如 Doan 等人，2022）？也许同样重要的是，导致这些成本的机制是什么？同样重要的是要注意，与危险的社会和身体因素相比，暴露于危险的社会和身体因素的积累远远不能预测发育结果。
We thank the commentators for their thoughtful reflection and insight (Trudel-Fitzgerald & Ouellet-Morin, 2022) on our paper (De France, Evans, Brody & Doan, 2022). Some youth growing up in adverse contexts display remarkable resilience (Masten, 2014). A growing body of work has suggested that self-regulation and related processes including shifting and persisting (Chen, Miller, Lachman, Gruenewald & Seeman, 2012), grit, and perseverance (Duckworth and Gross, 2014) are the cornerstones of successful adaptation in the context of adversity. These selfregulatory competencies promote high effort coping and unwavering persistence towards one’s goals, and are associated with a range of positive outcomes including employment, psychological adjustment and positive health behaviors (Robson, Allen & Howard, 2020). At the same time, however, recent work has problematized notions of resilience and supported Luthar and colleagues (1993) assertion that resilience is multifaceted. In particular, competence in one domain can potentially come at a cost to others. Psychological (Wang & Peck, 2013), social (Fuller-Rowell & Doan, 2010) as well as physical health costs–as indexed by allostatic load (Brody et al., 2013) and cellular aging (Miller et al., 2015)–have all been associated with resilience. These costs in response to resilience are likely to perpetuate socioeconomic and ethnic disparities in health.We very much agree with the commentators that this body of work is only emerging and we know very little about individual variation. Who is most vulnerable to these costs? What developmental periods may be most critical? How might family processes exacerbate or mitigate these processes (eg Doan et al., 2022)? Perhaps just as importantly, what are the mechanisms that lead to these costs? It is also important to note that the accumulation of exposure to risky social and physical factors far out predicts developmental outcomes when compared with the