Gangliosides in cell recognition and membrane protein regulation.
Gangliosides in cell recognition and membrane protein regulation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sbi.2009.06.001
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Schnaar, Ronald L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lopez, Pablo H. H.;Schnaar, Ronald L.
神经节苷类，含唾液酸的鞘糖脂，在所有脊椎动物细胞中都有表达，也是神经细胞的主要聚糖。它们通过它们的神经酰胺脂质与它们的各种聚糖延伸到细胞外空间而固定在质膜上。通过与靶向细胞上的聚糖结合蛋白的糖特异性相互作用，神经节苷脂在细胞-细胞识别中作为受体发挥作用，通过Siglec-7结合调节自然杀伤细胞的细胞毒性，通过Siglec-4（髓鞘相关糖蛋白）结合调节髓鞘-轴突相互作用，通过e -选择素结合调节炎症。神经节苷类也在其自身膜内横向相互作用，调节信号蛋白的反应性，包括胰岛素、表皮生长因子和血管内皮生长因子受体。通过这些方式，神经节苷在免疫系统、神经系统、代谢调节和癌症进展中起着调节作用。
Gangliosides, sialic acid-bearing glycosphingolipids, are expressed on all vertebrate cells, and are the major glycans on nerve cells. They are anchored to the plasma membrane through their ceramide lipids with their varied glycans extending into the extracellular space. Through sugar-specific interactions with glycan binding proteins on apposing cells, gangliosides function as receptors in cell-cell recognition, regulating natural killer cell cytotoxicity via Siglec-7 binding, myelin-axon interactions via Siglec-4 (myelin-associated glycoprotein) binding, and inflammation via E-selectin binding. Gangliosides also interact laterally in their own membranes, regulating the responsiveness of signaling proteins including the insulin, epidermal growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. In these ways, gangliosides act as regulatory elements in the immune system, in the nervous system, in metabolic regulation and in cancer progression.
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