ADJUSTING DELAY TO REINFORCEMENT - COMPARING CHOICE IN PIGEONS AND HUMANS
ADJUSTING DELAY TO REINFORCEMENT - COMPARING CHOICE IN PIGEONS AND HUMANS
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DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.14.1.105
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发表时间：
1988-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
LOGUE, AW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
RODRIGUEZ, ML;LOGUE, AW
采用Mazur（1987）的延迟调整程序，比较了鸽子和人类被试的强化量和延迟的无差异函数。一个模型相似的匹配法（简单的倒数模型），双曲线模型，三个修改版本的双曲线模型，和负指数模型进行了评价。在实验1中，受试者是鸽子，在实验2和3中，受试者是人类。为了使非人类和人类的情况更具有可比性，在实验2和3中，在延迟期内，可兑换货币（可兑换货币的积分）以恒定的比率贴现。实验2和3之间的折扣率不同。所有三个实验的结果表明，双曲线模型的幂函数变换（其中1被添加到简单倒数模型的分母中的延迟）提供了对非人类和人类数据的最佳描述。
Indifference functions of amount and delay of reinforcement wre compared for pigeon and human subjects by using Mazur''s (1987) adjusting delay procedure. A model similar to the matching law (the simple reciprocal model), a hyperbolic model, three modified versions of the hyperbolic model, and a negative exponential model were evaluated. In Experiment 1 the subjects were pigeons, and in Experiments 2 and 3 the subjects were humans. In order to make the nonhuman and human situations more comparable, in Experiments 2 and 3 the reinforcer (points exchangeable for money) was discounted at a constant rate during the delay periods. The rate of this discounting varied between Experiments 2 and 3. The results of all three experiments demonstrated that a power function transformation of the hyperbolic model (in which 1 is added to the delays in the denominator of the simple reciprocal model) provided the best description of both nonhuman and human data.